Ûi-thoân-thé

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(Tùi Genom choán--lâi)

Ûi-thoân-thé (Tek-gí: genom; Eng-gí: genome) sī chi̍t-ê seng-bu̍t kò-thé ê só͘-ū ûi-thôan sìn-sit. It-poaⁿ sī DNA phian-bé (encode), iā ū chi̍t kóa pēⁿ-to̍kRNA phian-bé. Ûi-thoân-thé lāi-té pau-hâm ûi-thoân-chú kap hui-phian-bé sū-lia̍t (non-coding sequence).

Múi chi̍t khóan seng-bu̍t ê ûii-thoân-thé chhùn-chhioh (genome size) kap ûi-thoân-chú sò͘-liōng lóng bô saⁿ sio-kāng, sò͘-liōng siāng-chē tāi-iok 60,000 ê, sī chi̍t-chióng gôan-seng-tōng-bu̍t (protozoan). Lâng (Homo sapiens) ê ûi-thoân-thé lāi-bīn tāi-iok ū 20000 kàu 25000 ê ûi-thoân-chú[1], iû 30 ek ê iâm-ki tùi (base pair, bp) lâi chó͘-sêng.

"Genom" chit-ê bêng-sû sī Tek-kok kho-ha̍k-ka Hans Winkler1920 nî só͘ chhòng-chō, sī "gen" (ûi-thoân-chú) kap "-ome" (chóng-thé) nn̄g ê jī ê ha̍p-thé. Choan-bûn gián-kiù ûi-thoân-thé ê ha̍k-kho hō-chòe ûi-thoân-thé-ha̍k (genomics), gián-kiù lāi-iông chú-iàu sī chi̍t-khóan seng-bu̍t ê chéng-thé ûi-thoân-thé.

Kok-chióng seng-bu̍t ê ûi-thoân-thé pí-kàu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Seng-bu̍t Chhùn-chhioh
b=base pairs
Note
pēⁿ-to̍k, Bacteriophage MS2 3.569×103b Siāng-chá chhek-tēng (sequence) chhut-lâi ê RNA-genom[2]
pēⁿ-to̍k, SV40 5.224×103b [3]
pēⁿ-to̍k, Phage Φ-X174; 5.386×103b Siāng-chá chhek-tēng chhut-lâi ê DNA ûi-thoân-thé[4]
pēⁿ-to̍k, Phage λ 50×104b
Sè-khún, Haemophilus influenzae 1.83×106b Siāng-chá chhek-tēng chhut-lâi ê ûi-thoân-thé[5]
Sè-khún, Carsonella ruddii 1.60×105b Siāng-sió ê hui-pēⁿ-to̍k ûi-thoân-thé, Feb 2007
Sè-khún, Buchnera aphidicola 6×105b
Sè-khún, Wigglesworthia glossinidia 7×105b
Sè-khún, Escherichia coli 4×106b [6]
Amoeba, Amoeba dubia 6.7×1011b Bo̍k-chêng chai-iáⁿ siāng-tōa ê ûi-thoân-thé, Dec 2005
Si̍t-bu̍t, Arabidopsis thaliana 1.57×108b Siāng-chá chhek-tēng chhut-lâi ê si̍t-bu̍t ûi-thoân-thé[7]
Si̍t-bu̍t, Genlisea margaretae 6.34×107b
Si̍t-bu̍t, Fritillaria assyrica 1.3×1011b
Si̍t-bu̍t, Populus trichocarpa 4.80×108b
kàⁿ-bó (yeast), Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2×107b [8]
Fungus, Aspergillus nidulans 3×107b
Nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans 9.8×107b [9]
Khun-thiông, Drosophila melanogaster 1.3×108b [10]
Khun-thiông, Bombyx mori 5.3×108b
Khun-thiông, Apis mellifera 1.77×109b
, Tetraodon nigroviridis 3.85×108b
Chhī-leng tōng-bu̍t, Homo sapiens 3.2×109b
, Protopterus aethiopicus 1.30×1011b

Chham-khó chu-liāu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

  1. International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (2004). "Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome". Nature. 431 (7011): 931–45. PMID 15496913. 
  2. Fiers W; et al. (1976). "Complete nucleotide-sequence of bacteriophage MS2-RNA - primary and secondary structure of replicase gene". Nature. 260: 500–507. doi:10.1038/260500a0. PMID 1264203. 
  3. Fiers W, Contreras R, Haegemann G, Rogiers R, Van de Voorde A, Van Heuverswyn H, Van Herreweghe J, Volckaert G, Ysebaert M (1978). "Complete nucleotide sequence of SV40 DNA". Nature. 273 (5658): 113–120. doi:10.1038/273113a0. PMID 205802. 
  4. Sanger F, Air GM, Barrell BG, Brown NL, Coulson AR, Fiddes CA, Hutchison CA, Slocombe PM, Smith M (1977). "Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage phi X174 DNA". Nature. 265 (5596): 687–695. doi:10.1038/265687a0. PMID 870828. 
  5. Fleischmann R, Adams M, White O, Clayton R, Kirkness E, Kerlavage A, Bult C, Tomb J, Dougherty B, Merrick J (1995). "Whole-genome random sequencing and assembly of Haemophilus influenzae Rd". Science. 269 (5223): 496–512. doi:10.1126/science.7542800. PMID 7542800. 
  6. Frederick R. Blattner, Guy Plunkett III; et al. "The Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli K-12". science. 277: 1453-1462. doi:10.1126/science.277.5331.1453. 
  7. Greilhuber, J., Borsch, T., Müller, K., Worberg, A., Porembski, S., and Barthlott, W. (2006). "Smallest angiosperm genomes found in Lentibulariaceae, with chromosomes of bacterial size". Plant Biology. 8: 770-777. PMID 17203433. 
  8. A. Goffeau; et al. (1996-10-25). "Life with 6000 genes". Science. 274: 546-567. doi:10.1126/science.274.5287.546. 
  9. The C. elegans Sequencing Consortium (1998). "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating biology". Science. 282 (5396): 2012–2018. doi:10.1126/science.282.5396.2012. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 9851916. 
  10. Adams MD, Celniker SE, Holt RA; et al. (2000). "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster". Science. 287 (5461): 2185–95. doi:10.1126/science.287.5461.2185. PMID 10731132. 2007-05-25 khòaⁿ--ê. 

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