Ing-gú piáu-im jī-bió

Ing-gú piáu-im jī-bió (ing-gú: English Phonotypic Alphabet (EPA)) sī-iû Isaac Pitman [en] hām Alexander John Ellis [en] tsiok-sū khai-huat ê tsi̍t-tsióng piáu-im [en] jī-bió; siōng-thâu-á sī tsò ing-gú phing-siá kái-kik [en] ê sán-bu̍t.^[1] Sui-jiân lóng m̄ pat tit-tio̍h kóng-huàn ê tsiap-siū; m̄-kuh EPA ê im-sòo í-king hông la̍p-ji̍p hiān-tāi kok-tsè im-piau (IPA).^[2]

EPA siōng-thâu-á huat-piáu tī 1845-nî 6-gue̍h.^[3] Suî-āu, EPA ê tshut-pán kā jī-bió khok-tián kàu Tik-gú, Alápik-gú, Sepangâ-gú, Tusca-gú [en], Huat-gú, Welsh-gú, Ítālì-gú, Hōlân-gú, Pholân-gú, Photôgâ-gú kah Huān-gú ê kái-pian pán.^[4]

Jī-bió[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Jī-bió jû-hā (ū tsi̍t-kuá-á kīn-sū-ti̍t í-lâi sik-ìng Unicode)

1843 nî-bué (ing-gú)[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Tsit-ê kai-tuānn tn̂g guân-im ū huâinn-kòng, té guân-im tō bô.

Tn̂g guân-im

Ɨ /iː/, E /eɪ/, A /ɑː/, Ɵ /ɔː/, Ʉ /oʊ/?, ꭐ-bar /uː/

Té guân-im

I /ɪ/, ⵎ /ɛ/, Ʌ /æ/, O /ɒ/, U /ʌ/, ꭐ /ʊ/

(tsi̍t-ê ha̍p-sik ê ⟨ꭐ⟩ koh-khah kuânlî-tshiánnbô tiám, tshin-tshiūnn ⟨Ɯ⟩ m̄-kuh tiong-ng ê sû-kàn bô kî-thann ê hiah-kuân, pīng-tshiánn tsiànn-pîng-ē--átshi bô tshìn-suànn)

Siang guân-im

Ɯ /juː/, ⅄ /aɪ/, ş /aʊ/?

Kiám-tsió ('bôo-hôo) guân-im

Ǝ /ə/, ⵎ /ᵊ/

Hú-im

P B, T D, Є J /tʃ dʒ/, K G

F V, Θ Δ /θ ð/, S Z, Σ Σ /ʃ ʒ/,

L R, M N, И /ŋ/, Y W H.

_a /eɪ/

(Ā)ᶐ /ɑː/

Ɵɵ /ɔː/

_ɷ /oʊ/

Ɯɯ /uː/

Ii /ɪ/

Ee /ɛ/

Aɑ /æ/

Oo /ɒ/

Uu /ʌ/

_(ꭐ)

_ᶙ /juː/

Yy /j/

Ww /w/

Hh /h/

Pp /p/

Bb /b/

Tt /t/

Dd /d/

Єꞔ /tʃ/

Jj /dʒ/

Cc /k/

Gg /ɡ/

Ff /f/

Vv /v/

Ꞁ(ⱦ) /θ/

Ƌ(đ) /ð/

Ss /s/

Zz /z/

Σʃ /ʃ/

(Ʒ)ʒ /ʒ/

Rr /r/

Ll /l/

Mm /m/

Nn /n/

(Ŋ)ŋ /ŋ/

Tsù-kái[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

↑ Daniels, Peter T. (1996). The World's Writing Systems (ēng Eng-gí). Oxford University Press. p. 831. ISBN 9780195079937.
↑ Coulmas, Florian (1999-03-12). "English Phonotypic Alphabet". The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems (ēng Eng-gí). Wiley. ISBN 9780631214816. (Eng-gí)
↑ Completion of the Phonotypic Alphabet, The Phonotypic Journal, 5 Nelson Place, Bath, Phonographic Institution, vol. 4, no 42, June 1845, p. 105-106. (Eng-gí)
↑ Extension of the Phonotypic Alphabet, The Phonotypic Journal, 5 Nelson Place, Bath, Phonographic Institution, vol. 4, no 43, June 1845, p. 121–123 (Eng-gí)

Tsham-ua̍t[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

The Phonetic Journal
Tuscan dialect
English-language spelling reform
Phonetics
Alexander John Ellis
Isaac Pitman

Guā-pōo liân-kiat[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Third Revised Proposal to encode characters for the English Phonotypic Alphabet (EPA) in the UCS, October 18th 2011 (Eng-gí)
Completion of the Phonotypic Alphabet (Eng-gí)
Extension of the Phonotypic Alphabet (Eng-gí)

[1] Daniels, Peter T. (1996). The World's Writing Systems (ēng Eng-gí). Oxford University Press. p. 831. ISBN 9780195079937.

[:0-2] Coulmas, Florian (1999-03-12). "English Phonotypic Alphabet". The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems (ēng Eng-gí). Wiley. ISBN 9780631214816. (Eng-gí)

[3] Completion of the Phonotypic Alphabet, The Phonotypic Journal, 5 Nelson Place, Bath, Phonographic Institution, vol. 4, no 42, June 1845, p. 105-106. (Eng-gí)

[4] Extension of the Phonotypic Alphabet, The Phonotypic Journal, 5 Nelson Place, Bath, Phonographic Institution, vol. 4, no 43, June 1845, p. 121–123 (Eng-gí)

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