"Tiān-hō" pán-pún chi-kan bô-kāng--ê tē-hng

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2020-nî 9-goe̍h 9-ji̍t (pài-saⁿ) 16:11 ê siu-tēng-pún

Tiān-hō (Hàn-jī: 電荷, Eng-gí: electric charge) sī bu̍t-chit ê chi̍t chióng bu̍t-lí sèng-chit, ū tiān-hō ê bu̍t-chit khǹg tī tiān-chû-tiûⁿ tiong ē kám-siū-tio̍h la̍t.

Tiān-hō
Tiān-siang-ke̍k-chú (chi̍t siang chiàⁿ, hū tiám-tiān-hō) ê tiān-tiûⁿ.
Chia̍p-iōng hû-hō	$q$
SI tan-ūi	coulomb
Kî-tha tan-ūi	ki-pún tiān-hō faraday ampere-tiám-cheng
iōng SI ki-pún tan-ūi	C = A s
Sī-liōng-sèng?	sī
Siú-hêng?	sī
Liōng-kong	T I

Kài-lūn

Tiān-sèng

Tiān-hō ū hun nn̄g chióng tiān-sèng: chiàⁿ-tiān-hō (Eng-gí: positive charge, hû-hō: $+$ ) kap hū-tiān-hō (Eng-gí: negative charge, hû-hō: $-$ ). Tông-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong pâi-thek, í-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong khip-ín.

Tiān-liōng

Tiān-hō ê chē-chió tō sī tiān-hō-liōng ia̍h sī tiān-liōng. Tī sò͘-ha̍k-sek lāi-té, it-poaⁿ lóng sī iōng sió-siá ê Lô-má-jī $q$ lâi tāi-piáu tiān-hō ia̍h sī tiān-liōng. Chiàⁿ tiān-hō ê tiān-liōng tio̍h ài iōng chiàⁿ-sò͘ lâi sǹg ( $q>0$ ), hū tiān-hō--ê tio̍h ài iōng hū-sò͘ lâi sǹg ( $q<0$ ), Chiàⁿ, hū tiān-hō mā ē-sái sio-tú, chhun--ê tō kiò-chò chēng tiān-hō (Eng-gí: net charge). Bô chēng tiān-hō ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ tō hō-chò sī tiong-sèng--ê (Eng-gí: neutral).

Tan-ūi

Tiān-hō ê SI tan-ūi sī coulomb (hû-hō: C), chit ê miâ lâi-chū Hoat-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. Coulomb sī chi̍t chióng ián-seng tan-ūi ē-tàng iōng koh-khah ki-pún ê tan-ūi lâi piáu-ta̍t. In-ūi tiān-hō ê liōng-kong sī tiān-liû tan-ūi sêng-í sî-kan tan-ūi, phì-lūn-kóng 1 coulomb = 1 ampere × 1 bió.

Tû-liáu coulomb, tiān-hō koh ū chi̍t-kóa-á pa̍t-ê tan-ūi.

Tī bu̍t-lí kap hòa-ha̍k, ū-sî ē iōng ki-pún tiān-hō $e$ chò tan-ūi.
Tī tiān-hòa-ha̍k, ē iōng Faraday siông-sò͘ tāi-piáu chi̍t mole tiān-chú ê tiān-liōng.
Tī tiān-ki kang-têng, ampere-tiám-cheng (A⋅h) ia̍h hô-ampere-tiám-cheng (mA⋅h) khah chia̍p teh iōng, chhiūⁿ chi̍t lia̍p AA-hêng ta-tiān-tî ê tiān-liōng chha-put-to ū 2 kàu 3 A⋅h.

Tiān-hō siú-hêng

Tiān-hō sī siú-hêng--ê (Eng-gí: conserved). Che ì-sù sī kóng, ko͘-li̍p hē-thóng ê chēng tiān-hō-liōng put-piàn.

Ki-pún tiān-hō

20 sè-kí chho͘, Robert Andrews Milikan ê iû-tih si̍t-giām chèng-bêng tiān-hō sī liōng-chú-hòa--ê. Che ì-sù sī kóng, ē-ēng-tit chū-iû chûn-chāi ê tiān-hō, i ê tiān-liōng it-tēng sī siōng chió tan-ūi ê chéng-sò͘ pōe. Chit ê siōng chió tan-ūi hō͘ lâng kiò-chò ki-pún tiān-hō, hû-hō sī $e$ , i ê tat chha-put-to sī $1.602\times 10^{-19}~{\text{C}}$ . Sui-jiân quark chit khoán lia̍p-chú bô hû-ha̍p liōng-chú-hòa, in ê tiān-liōng lóng sī ${\textstyle {\frac {1}{3}}e}$ ê pōe-sò͘, tān-sī in it-tēng ē kiat-ha̍p chò-hóe, chiâⁿ-chò tiān-liōng ûi $e$ ê chéng-sò͘ pōe ê lia̍p-chú.

Tiān-hō sī iû chhù-goân-chú lia̍p-chú só͘ chah--ê. It-poaⁿ bu̍t-chit ê chiàⁿ tiān-hō kap hū tiān-hō hun-pia̍t sī chit-chú kap tiān-chú só͘ chah--ê. Chit-chú ê tiān-liōng sī $+e$ , tiān-chú ê tiān-liōng sī $-e$ .

Tiān-hō hun-pò͘

Tiān-hō ê Kau-hō͘ chok-iōng

Tiān-hō ē thàu-kòe tiān-chû-tiûⁿ lâi kap pa̍t-ê tiān-hō ū kau-hō͘ chok-iōng, che tō sī tiān-chû-la̍t, mā sī sì chióng ki-pún-la̍t chi it. Tiān-chû-tiûⁿ pau-koa tiān-tiûⁿ kap chû-tiûⁿ. Kan-ta chēng-chí ê tiān-hō tō ē tī sì-chiu sán-seng tiān-tiûⁿ, teh tín-tāng ê tiān-hō chiah ē sán-seng chû-tiûⁿ.

Le̍k-sú

Tiān-liû

Tiān-liû ê pún-chit sī tiān-hō ê liû-tōng.

Sok-pa̍k tiān-hō kap chū-iû tiān-hō

@@ Tē 1 chōa: / Tē 1 chōa: @@
-'''Tiān-hō''' ([[Hàn-jī]]: {{lang|zh|電荷}}, [[Eng-gí]]: electric charge) sī [[bu̍t-chit]] ê chi̍t chióng [[bu̍t-lí sèng-chit]], ū tiān-hō ê bu̍t-chit khǹg tī [[tiān-chû-tiûⁿ]] tiong ē kám-siū-tio̍h [[la̍t]].
+'''Tiān-hō''' ([[Hàn-jī]]: {{lang|zh|電荷}}, [[Eng-gí]]: ''electric charge'') sī [[bu̍t-chit]] ê chi̍t chióng [[bu̍t-lí sèng-chit]], ū tiān-hō ê bu̍t-chit khǹg tī [[tiān-chû-tiûⁿ]] tiong ē kám-siū-tio̍h [[la̍t]].
 {{DISPLAYTITLE:Tiān-hō}}
@@ Tē 34 chōa: / Tē 34 chōa: @@
 === Tiān-sèng ===
-Tiān-hō ū hun nn̄g chióng '''tiān-sèng''': ''chiàⁿ-tiān-hō'' (Eng-gí: positive charge, hû-hō: <math>+</math>) kap ''hū-tiān-hō'' (Eng-gí: negative chargehû-hō: <math>-</math>). Tông-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong pâi-thek, í-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong khip-ín.
+Tiān-hō ū hun nn̄g chióng '''tiān-sèng''': ''chiàⁿ-tiān-hō'' (Eng-gí: ''positive charge'', hû-hō: <math>+</math>) kap ''hū-tiān-hō'' (Eng-gí: ''negative charge'', hû-hō: <math>-</math>). Tông-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong pâi-thek, í-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong khip-ín.
 === Tiān-liōng ===
 Tiān-hō ê chē-chió tō sī '''tiān-hō-liōng''' ia̍h sī '''tiān-liōng'''. Tī sò͘-ha̍k-sek lāi-té, it-poaⁿ lóng sī iōng sió-siá ê [[Lô-má-jī]] <math>q</math> lâi tāi-piáu tiān-hō ia̍h sī tiān-liōng. Chiàⁿ tiān-hō ê tiān-liōng tio̍h ài iōng chiàⁿ-sò͘ lâi sǹg (<math>q>0</math>), hū tiān-hō--ê tio̍h ài iōng hū-sò͘ lâi sǹg (<math>q<0</math>), Chiàⁿ, hū tiān-hō mā ē-sái sio-tú, chhun--ê tō kiò-chò '''chēng tiān-hō''' (Eng-gí: net charge). Bô chēng tiān-hō ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ tō hō-chò sī ''tiong-sèng--ê'' (Eng-gí: neutral).
+==== Tan-ūi ====
-Tiān-hō ê [[SI|SI tan-ūi]] sī [[coulomb]], kî-tha ê tan-ūi chhiáⁿ chham-khó [[Tiān-hō#Tan-ūi|tiān-hō ê tan-ūi]].
+{{Main|coulomb}}
+Tiān-hō ê [[SI|SI tan-ūi]] sī [[coulomb]] (hû-hō: C), chit ê miâ lâi-chū Hoat-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka [[Charles-Augustin de Coulomb]]. Coulomb sī chi̍t chióng [[ián-seng tan-ūi]]  ē-tàng iōng koh-khah ki-pún ê tan-ūi lâi piáu-ta̍t. In-ūi tiān-hō ê [[liōng-kong]] sī tiān-liû tan-ūi sêng-í sî-kan tan-ūi, phì-lūn-kóng 1 coulomb = 1 [[ampere]] × 1 [[bió]].
+Tû-liáu coulomb, tiān-hō koh ū chi̍t-kóa-á pa̍t-ê tan-ūi.
+* Tī bu̍t-lí kap hòa-ha̍k, ū-sî ē iōng [[ki-pún tiān-hō]] <math>e</math> chò tan-ūi.
+* Tī [[tiān-hòa-ha̍k]], ē iōng [[Faraday siông-sò͘]] tāi-piáu chi̍t [[Mol|mole]] tiān-chú ê tiān-liōng.
+* Tī [[tiān-ki kang-têng]], [[ampere-tiám-cheng]] (A'''⋅'''h) ia̍h hô-ampere-tiám-cheng (mA'''⋅'''h) khah chia̍p teh iōng, chhiūⁿ chi̍t lia̍p AA-hêng [[ta-tiān-tî]] ê tiān-liōng chha-put-to ū 2 kàu 3 A'''⋅'''h.
 === Tiān-hō siú-hêng ===
@@ Tē 51 chōa: / Tē 59 chōa: @@
 Tiān-hō sī iû [[chhù-goân-chú lia̍p-chú]] só͘ chah--ê. It-poaⁿ bu̍t-chit ê chiàⁿ tiān-hō kap hū tiān-hō hun-pia̍t sī [[chit-chú]] kap [[tiān-chú]] só͘ chah--ê. Chit-chú ê tiān-liōng sī <math>+e</math>, tiān-chú ê tiān-liōng sī <math>-e</math>.
-=== Kau-hō͘ chok-iōng ===
+=== Tiān-hō hun-pò͘ ===
-{{Main|tiān-chû-la̍t}}
-Tiān-hō ē thàu-kòe [[tiān-chû-tiûⁿ]] lâi kap pa̍t-ê tiān-hō ū kau-hō͘ chok-iōng, che tō sī [[tiān-chû-la̍t]], mā sī sì chióng [[ki-pún-la̍t]] chi it. Tiān-chû-tiûⁿ pau-koa [[tiān-tiûⁿ]] kap [[chû-tiûⁿ]]. Kan-ta chēng-chí ê tiān-hō tō ē tī sì-chiu sán-seng tiān-tiûⁿ, teh tín-tāng ê tiān-hō chiah ē sán-seng chû-tiûⁿ. [[Tiān-liû]] ê pún-chit sī tiān-hō ê liû-tōng.
+=== Tiān-hō ê Kau-hō͘ chok-iōng ===
-== Tan-ūi ==
+{{Main|tiān-chû-la̍t}}
-Tiān-hō ê [[SI|SI tan-ūi]] sī [[coulomb]] (hû-hō: C), chit ê miâ lâi-chū Hoat-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka [[Charles-Augustin de Coulomb]]. Coulomb sī chi̍t chióng [[ián-seng tan-ūi]]  ē-tàng iōng koh-khah ki-pún ê tan-ūi lâi piáu-ta̍t. In-ūi tiān-hō ê [[liōng-kong]] sī tiān-liû tan-ūi sêng sî-kan tan-ūi, phì-lūn-kóng 1 coulomb = 1 [[ampere]] × 1 [[bió]].
+Tiān-hō ē thàu-kòe [[tiān-chû-tiûⁿ]] lâi kap pa̍t-ê tiān-hō ū kau-hō͘ chok-iōng, che tō sī [[tiān-chû-la̍t]], mā sī sì chióng [[ki-pún-la̍t]] chi it. Tiān-chû-tiûⁿ pau-koa [[tiān-tiûⁿ]] kap [[chû-tiûⁿ]]. Kan-ta chēng-chí ê tiān-hō tō ē tī sì-chiu sán-seng tiān-tiûⁿ, teh tín-tāng ê tiān-hō chiah ē sán-seng chû-tiûⁿ.
-Tī bu̍t-lí kap hòa-ha̍k, ē iōng [[ki-pún tiān-hō]] <math>e</math> chò tan-ūi. Tī tiān-hòa-ha̍k, ē iōng [[Faraday siông-sò͘]] tāi-piáu chi̍t [[Mol|mole]] tiān-chú ê tiān-liōng. Tī [[tiān-ki kang-têng]], ampere-tiám-cheng (Ah) chit ê tan-ūi mā tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ū lâng teh iōng.
 == Le̍k-sú ==
+== Tiān-liû ==
+[[Tiān-liû]] ê pún-chit sī tiān-hō ê liû-tōng.
-Sok-pa̍k tiān-hō kap Chū-iû{{stub}}
+== Sok-pa̍k tiān-hō kap chū-iû tiān-hō ==
 [[Category:Chēng-tiān-ha̍k]]
 [[Category:Tiān-chû-ha̍k]]