Hîm

?Hîm
Chong-hîm Ursus arctos
Seng-bu̍t-ha̍k hun-lūi
Kài: Animalia Mn̂g: Chordata Kong: Mammalia Bo̍k: Carnivora A-bo̍k: Caniformia Chhiau-kho: Ursoidea Kho: Ursidae G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817
Sio̍k
Ailuropoda Helarctos Melursus Ursus Tremarctos Agriarctos † Amphicticeps † Amphicynodon † Arctodus † Cephalogale † Indarctos † Parictis † Plionarctos † Ursavus † Kolponomos †

Koan-hē kāng miâ ê tiān-iáⁿ, chhiáⁿ khoàⁿ Hîm (tiān-iáⁿ).

Hîm (Ursidae) sī tōa-hêng ê chhī-leng tōng-bu̍t, seng-bu̍t-ha̍k ê hun-lūi kui Chia̍h-bah-ba̍k, Ursidae-kho (hîm-kho).

Hêng-thé

Hîm it-poaⁿ sī ión-kiāⁿ tōa-chhāi, siong-tùi té-kha. Sèng-pia̍t hun nn̄g hêng, kang hîm kha tōa-chiah, tōa-hêng ê bu̍t-chéng iû-kî ū chha. Tī lo̍k-tē siōng ê Chia̍h-bah-ba̍k tiong, hîm ê sin-thé siāng tāng, pí-lūn, Ursus arctos middendorffi, chi̍t khoán chang-hîm, ē-tàng chhiau-kòe 750 kong-kin, ki-tiong kang hîm pêng-kin mā ū 480 kàu 533 kong-kin. Lēng-gōa mā ū kha sè-hêng ê bu̍t-chéng, pí-lūn kang Má-lâi-hîm thé-tang tāi-iok 65 kong-kin.

I-chiàu pe̍h-hîm ia̍h chang-hîm, thé-tn̂g ū kàu 300 kong-hun, keng-kah koân-tō͘ ū 160 kong-hun. Nā hîm ê bóe ki-pún thè-hòa, tn̂g-tō͘ tùi 3 kàu 22 kong-hun pu̍t-téng. Hîm sī kha-té kiâⁿ-lō͘ (plantigrade), chi̍t tiám kap kha-chiⁿ kiâⁿ ê kî-tha Chia̍h-bah-ba̍k bô-kâng. Hîm cháu ê sok-tō͘ pí khián-kho ia̍h niau-kho bān, chóng-sī āu-kha khiā-li̍p ê lêng-le̍k kha hó.

Hun-lūi

A-chiu o͘-hîm kap pe̍h-hîm éng-kòe kui to̍k-li̍p ê sio̍k (Selenarctos kap Thalarctos). Melursus kap Helarctos chit 2-ê sio̍k ū sî-chūn kui Ursus.

• Ursidae-kho
  • Ailuropodinae a-kho
    • Tōa-hîm-niau, Ailuropoda melanoleuca
  • Tremarctinae a-kho
    • Ba̍k-kiàⁿ-hîm, Tremarctos ornatus
    • Florida soaⁿ-tōng-hîm, Tremarctos floridanus (tn̄g-chéng)
    • Tōa-té-chhùi-hîm, Arctodus simus (tn̄g-chéng)
    • Té-chhùi-hîm, Arctodus pristinus (tn̄g-chéng)
  • Ursinae a-kho
    • Chong-hîm, Ursus arctos
    • Bí-chiu o͘-hîm, Ursus americanus
    • Pe̍h-hîm, Ursus maritimus
    • A-chiu o͘-hîm, Ursus thibetanus
      • Tâi-oân káu-hîm, Ursus thibetanus formosanus
    • Auvergne Bear, Ursus minimus (tn̄g-chéng)
    • Etruscan Bear, Ursus etruscus (tn̄g-chéng)
    • Au-chiu soaⁿ-tōng-hîm, Ursus spelaeus (tn̄g-chéng)
    • Atlas-hîm, Ursus crowtheri (tn̄g-chéng)
    • Lán-hîm, Melursus ursinus
    • Má-lâi-hîm, Helarctos malayanus