Eng-gí ê le̍k-sú

Eng-gí sī Sai German gí-giân ê chi̍t hūn-chú. Goân-thâu chú-iàu sī German-lâng ji̍p Britain ê sî-chūn chah--ji̍p-khì ê Anglo-Frisii-hē kok khoán hong-giân. Hia-ê German-lâng, goân-sin chú-iàu sī khiā tī kin-á-ji̍t Tek-kok ê sai-pak kiam Kē-tē-kok tē-khu.

Khí-seng, Kó͘ Eng-gí hâm chin choē hun-soàⁿ ê khiuⁿ-kháu, liû-thong tī hit chūn Eng-lân tē-hng ê chiòng Anglo-Saxon ông-kok. Āu--lâi, kî-tiong ê Āu-kî Sai Saxon hong-giân (Late West Saxon) ta̍uh-ta̍uh-á pìⁿ chò chú-liû.

Goân-pún ê Kó͘ Eng-gí koh tī 8, 9 sè-kí ê sî-chūn, siū tio̍h tùi Scandinavia lâi cheng-ho̍k ê bîn-chok só͘ kóng ê Pak German gí-giân éng-hióng. Kàu 11 sè-kí, sio̍k Romance gí-giân ê Kó͘ Norman-gí, mā tī Norman lâng thóng-tī Eng-lân ê sî-chūn éng-hióng Eng-gí.

Siū Scandinavia-lâng ê éng-hióng, Eng-gí ê gí-hoat piàn khah tan-sûn, sû-lūi piàn hong-hù. Norman-lân ê thóng-tī, koh hō͘ Eng-gí ka-thiam chin choē sio̍k La-teng-hē ê Romance gí-giân sû-lūi, te̍k-pia̍t sī koaⁿ-hú ê iōng-gí.

Sî-tāi hun-tōaⁿ

Eng-gí ê hoat-tián le̍k-sú ē-tàng hun 3-ê chú-iàu sî-tāi, Kó͘ Eng-gí sī chha-put-to kong-goân 1100 nî í-chêng; Tiong-kó͘ Eng-gí (Middle English) s tāi-khài 1100 nî kàu 1500 nî; Kīn-tāi Eng-gí (Modern English) sī tāi-khài 1500 nî í-āu. Kīn-tāi Eng-gí ē-tàng koh hun chò Chá-kî kap Boán-kî, kài-sòaⁿ siat tī 1700 nî chó-iū.

Goân-chho͘ Eng-gí

German-lâng ê gí-giân sī Eng-gí khí-sian ê goân-thâu, ki-tiong pâu-koat liáu Angle-lâng, Saxon-lâng, Frisii-lâng kap Jute-lâng, lēng-gōa mā khó-lêng ū Frank-lâng. Tī chia-ê German-lâng khì kàu Britain í-chêng, in chiū í-keng tùi Lia̍p-teng-gí lāi-bīn o̍h liáu chin chē ēng-gí, phì-jû "wine" (phû-tô-chiú), "cup" (poe-á), "bishop" (chú-kàu) téng-téng.

Kó͘ Eng-gí

It-poan sǹg kong-goân 449 ní German pō͘-lo̍k khai-sí ji̍p-chhim Britain tē-hng.