"Tiān-hō" pán-pún chi-kan bô-kāng--ê tē-hng

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2020-nî 9-goe̍h 9-ji̍t (pài-saⁿ) 15:46 ê siu-tēng-pún

Tiān-hō (Hàn-jī: 電荷, Eng-gí: electric charge) sī bu̍t-chit ê chi̍t chióng bu̍t-lí sèng-chit, ū tiān-hō ê bu̍t-chit khǹg tī tiān-chû-tiûⁿ tiong ē kám-siū-tio̍h la̍t.

Tiān-hō
Tiān-siang-ke̍k-chú (chi̍t siang chiàⁿ, hū tiám-tiān-hō) ê tiān-tiûⁿ.
Chia̍p-iōng hû-hō	$q$
SI tan-ūi	coulomb
Kî-tha tan-ūi	ki-pún tiān-hō faraday ampere-tiám-cheng
iōng SI ki-pún tan-ūi	C = A s
Sī-liōng-sèng?	sī
Siú-hêng?	sī
Liōng-kong	T I

Kài-lūn

Tiān-sèng

Tiān-hō ū hun nn̄g chióng tiān-sèng: chiàⁿ-tiān-hō (Eng-gí: positive charge, hû-hō: $+$ ) kap hū-tiān-hō (Eng-gí: negative chargehû-hō: $-$ ). Tông-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong pâi-thek, í-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong khip-ín.

Tiān-liōng

Tiān-hō ê chē-chió tō sī tiān-hō-liōng ia̍h sī tiān-liōng. Tī sò͘-ha̍k-sek lāi-té, it-poaⁿ lóng sī iōng sió-siá ê Lô-má-jī $q$ lâi tāi-piáu tiān-hō ia̍h sī tiān-liōng. Chiàⁿ tiān-hō ê tiān-liōng tio̍h ài iōng chiàⁿ-sò͘ lâi sǹg ( $q>0$ ), hū tiān-hō--ê tio̍h ài iōng hū-sò͘ lâi sǹg ( $q<0$ ), Chiàⁿ, hū tiān-hō mā ē-sái sio-tú, chhun--ê tō kiò-chò chēng tiān-hō (Eng-gí: net charge). Bô chēng tiān-hō ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ tō hō-chò sī tiong-sèng--ê (Eng-gí: neutral).

Tiān-hō ê SI tan-ūi sī coulomb, kî-tha ê tan-ūi chhiáⁿ chham-khó tiān-hō ê tan-ūi.

Tiān-hō siú-hêng

Tiān-hō sī siú-hêng--ê (Eng-gí: conserved). Che ì-sù sī kóng, ko͘-li̍p hē-thóng ê chēng tiān-hō-liōng put-piàn.

Ki-pún tiān-hō

20 sè-kí chho͘, Robert Andrews Milikan ê iû-tih si̍t-giām chèng-bêng tiān-hō sī liōng-chú-hòa--ê. Che ì-sù sī kóng, ē-ēng-tit chū-iû chûn-chāi ê tiān-hō, i ê tiān-liōng it-tēng sī siōng chió tan-ūi ê chéng-sò͘ pōe. Chit ê siōng chió tan-ūi hō͘ lâng kiò-chò ki-pún tiān-hō, hû-hō sī $e$ , i ê tat chha-put-to sī $1.602\times 10^{-19}~{\text{C}}$ . Sui-jiân quark chit khoán lia̍p-chú bô hû-ha̍p liōng-chú-hòa, in ê tiān-liōng lóng sī ${\textstyle {\frac {1}{3}}e}$ ê pōe-sò͘, tān-sī in it-tēng ē kiat-ha̍p chò-hóe, chiâⁿ-chò tiān-liōng ûi $e$ ê chéng-sò͘ pōe ê lia̍p-chú.

Tiān-hō sī iû chhù-goân-chú lia̍p-chú só͘ chah--ê. It-poaⁿ bu̍t-chit ê chiàⁿ tiān-hō kap hū tiān-hō hun-pia̍t sī chit-chú kap tiān-chú só͘ chah--ê. Chit-chú ê tiān-liōng sī $+e$ , tiān-chú ê tiān-liōng sī $-e$ .

Kau-hō͘ chok-iōng

Tiān-hō ē thàu-kòe tiān-chû-tiûⁿ lâi kap pa̍t-ê tiān-hō ū kau-hō͘ chok-iōng, che tō sī tiān-chû-la̍t, mā sī sì chióng ki-pún-la̍t chi it. Tiān-chû-tiûⁿ pau-koa tiān-tiûⁿ kap chû-tiûⁿ. Kan-ta chēng-chí ê tiān-hō tō ē tī sì-chiu sán-seng tiān-tiûⁿ, teh tín-tāng ê tiān-hō chiah ē sán-seng chû-tiûⁿ. Tiān-liû ê pún-chit sī tiān-hō ê liû-tōng.

Tan-ūi

Tiān-hō ê SI tan-ūi sī coulomb (hû-hō: C), chit ê miâ lâi-chū Hoat-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. Coulomb sī chi̍t chióng ián-seng tan-ūi ē-tàng iōng koh-khah ki-pún ê tan-ūi lâi piáu-ta̍t. In-ūi tiān-hō ê liōng-kong sī tiān-liû tan-ūi sêng sî-kan tan-ūi, phì-lūn-kóng 1 coulomb = 1 ampere × 1 bió.

Tī bu̍t-lí kap hòa-ha̍k, ē iōng ki-pún tiān-hō $e$ chò tan-ūi. Tī tiān-hòa-ha̍k, ē iōng Faraday siông-sò͘ tāi-piáu chi̍t mole tiān-chú ê tiān-liōng. Tī tiān-ki kang-têng, ampere-tiám-cheng (Ah) chit ê tan-ūi mā tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ū lâng teh iōng.

Le̍k-sú

Sok-pa̍k tiān-hō kap Chū-iû

Pún bûn-chiuⁿ sī chi̍t phiⁿ phí-á-kiáⁿ. Lí thang tàu khok-chhiong lâi pang-chō͘ Wikipedia.

@@ Tē 1 chōa: / Tē 1 chōa: @@
+'''Tiān-hō''' ([[Hàn-jī]]: {{lang|zh|電荷}}, [[Eng-gí]]: electric charge) sī [[bu̍t-chit]] ê chi̍t chióng [[bu̍t-lí sèng-chit]], ū tiān-hō ê bu̍t-chit khǹg tī [[tiān-chû-tiûⁿ]] tiong ē kám-siū-tio̍h [[la̍t]].
 {{DISPLAYTITLE:Tiān-hō}}
-{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
+{| class="wikitable"
 ! colspan="2" |Tiān-hō
 |-
@@ Tē 29 chōa: / Tē 31 chōa: @@
 |'''T''' '''I'''
 |}
-'''Tiān-hō''' ([[Hàn-jī]]: {{lang|zh|電荷}}, [[Eng-gí]]: electric charge) sī [[bu̍t-chit]] ê chi̍t chióng [[bu̍t-lí sèng-chit]], ū tiān-hō ê bu̍t-chit khǹg tī [[tiān-chû-tiûⁿ]] tiong ē kám-siū-tio̍h [[la̍t]].
 == Kài-lūn ==
 === Tiān-sèng ===
 Tiān-hō ū hun nn̄g chióng '''tiān-sèng''': ''chiàⁿ-tiān-hō'' (Eng-gí: positive charge, hû-hō: <math>+</math>) kap ''hū-tiān-hō'' (Eng-gí: negative chargehû-hō: <math>-</math>). Tông-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong pâi-thek, í-sèng tiān-hō ē hō͘-siong khip-ín.
 === Tiān-liōng ===
-Tiān-hō ê chē-chió tō sī '''tiān-hō-liōng''' ia̍h sī '''tiān-liōng'''. Chiàⁿ tiān-hō ê tiān-liōng tio̍h ài iōng chiàⁿ-sò͘ lâi sǹg, hū tiān-hō--ê tio̍h ài iōng hū-sò͘ lâi sǹg. Tiān-hō ê [[SI|SI tan-ūi]] sī [[coulomb]], kî-tha ê tan-ūi chhiáⁿ chham-khó [[Tiān-hō#Tan-ūi|tiān-hō ê tan-ūi]]. Tī sò͘-ha̍k-sek lāi-té, it-poaⁿ lóng sī iōng sió-siá ê [[Lô-má-jī]] <math>q</math> lâi tāi-piáu tiān-hō ia̍h sī tiān-liōng.
+Tiān-hō ê chē-chió tō sī '''tiān-hō-liōng''' ia̍h sī '''tiān-liōng'''. Tī sò͘-ha̍k-sek lāi-té, it-poaⁿ lóng sī iōng sió-siá ê [[Lô-má-jī]] <math>q</math> lâi tāi-piáu tiān-hō ia̍h sī tiān-liōng. Chiàⁿ tiān-hō ê tiān-liōng tio̍h ài iōng chiàⁿ-sò͘ lâi sǹg (<math>q>0</math>), hū tiān-hō--ê tio̍h ài iōng hū-sò͘ lâi sǹg (<math>q<0</math>), Chiàⁿ, hū tiān-hō mā ē-sái sio-tú, chhun--ê tō kiò-chò '''chēng tiān-hō''' (Eng-gí: net charge). Bô chēng tiān-hō ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ tō hō-chò sī ''tiong-sèng--ê'' (Eng-gí: neutral).
+Tiān-hō ê [[SI|SI tan-ūi]] sī [[coulomb]], kî-tha ê tan-ūi chhiáⁿ chham-khó [[Tiān-hō#Tan-ūi|tiān-hō ê tan-ūi]].
 === Tiān-hō siú-hêng ===
+{{Main|tiān-hō siú-hêng}}
-Tiān-hō sī chi̍t ê [[siú-hêng-liōng]]: [[ko͘-li̍p hē-thóng]] ê chēng tiān-hō put-piàn. Che tō sī [[tiān-hō siú-hêng]].
+Tiān-hō sī siú-hêng--ê (Eng-gí: conserved). Che ì-sù sī kóng, [[ko͘-li̍p hē-thóng]] ê chēng tiān-hō-liōng put-piàn.
 === Ki-pún tiān-hō ===
 {{Main|ki-pún tiān-hō}}
-Tiān-hō sī ''[[liōng-chú-hòa--ê]]''. Che ì-sù sī kóng, ē-ēng-tit chū-iû chûn-chāi ê tiān-hō, i ê tiān-liōng it-tēng sī siōng chió tan-ūi ê chéng-sò͘ pōe. Chit ê siōng chió tan-ūi kiò-chò [[ki-pún tiān-hō]], hû-hō sī <math>e</math>, chha-put-to téng-î <math>1.602\times10^{-19}~\text{C}</math>. Sui-jiân [[quark]] chit khoán lia̍p-chú bô hû-ha̍p liōng-chú-hòa, in ê tiān-liōng lóng sī <math display="inline">\frac{1}{3}e</math> ê pōe-sò͘, tān-sī in it-tēng ē kiat-ha̍p chò-hóe, chiâⁿ-chò tiān-liōng ûi <math>e</math> ê chéng-sò͘ pōe ê lia̍p-chú.
+sè-kí chho͘, [[Robert Andrews Millikan|Robert Andrews Milikan]] ê [[iû-tih si̍t-giām]] chèng-bêng tiān-hō sī ''[[liōng-chú-hòa--ê]]''. Che ì-sù sī kóng, ē-ēng-tit chū-iû chûn-chāi ê tiān-hō, i ê tiān-liōng it-tēng sī ''siōng chió tan-ūi'' ê chéng-sò͘ pōe. Chit ê siōng chió tan-ūi hō͘ lâng kiò-chò [[ki-pún tiān-hō]], hû-hō sī <math>e</math>, i ê tat chha-put-to sī <math>1.602\times10^{-19}~\text{C}</math>. Sui-jiân [[quark]] chit khoán lia̍p-chú bô hû-ha̍p liōng-chú-hòa, in ê tiān-liōng lóng sī <math display="inline">\frac{1}{3}e</math> ê pōe-sò͘, tān-sī in it-tēng ē kiat-ha̍p chò-hóe, chiâⁿ-chò tiān-liōng ûi <math>e</math> ê chéng-sò͘ pōe ê lia̍p-chú.
 Tiān-hō sī iû [[chhù-goân-chú lia̍p-chú]] só͘ chah--ê. It-poaⁿ bu̍t-chit ê chiàⁿ tiān-hō kap hū tiān-hō hun-pia̍t sī [[chit-chú]] kap [[tiān-chú]] só͘ chah--ê. Chit-chú ê tiān-liōng sī <math>+e</math>, tiān-chú ê tiān-liōng sī <math>-e</math>.
 === Kau-hō͘ chok-iōng ===
+{{Main|tiān-chû-la̍t}}
 Tiān-hō ē thàu-kòe [[tiān-chû-tiûⁿ]] lâi kap pa̍t-ê tiān-hō ū kau-hō͘ chok-iōng, che tō sī [[tiān-chû-la̍t]], mā sī sì chióng [[ki-pún-la̍t]] chi it. Tiān-chû-tiûⁿ pau-koa [[tiān-tiûⁿ]] kap [[chû-tiûⁿ]]. Kan-ta chēng-chí ê tiān-hō tō ē tī sì-chiu sán-seng tiān-tiûⁿ, teh tín-tāng ê tiān-hō chiah ē sán-seng chû-tiûⁿ. [[Tiān-liû]] ê pún-chit sī tiān-hō ê liû-tōng.
@@ Tē 56 chōa: / Tē 60 chōa: @@
 Tī bu̍t-lí kap hòa-ha̍k, ē iōng [[ki-pún tiān-hō]] <math>e</math> chò tan-ūi. Tī tiān-hòa-ha̍k, ē iōng [[Faraday siông-sò͘]] tāi-piáu chi̍t [[Mol|mole]] tiān-chú ê tiān-liōng. Tī [[tiān-ki kang-têng]], ampere-tiám-cheng (Ah) chit ê tan-ūi mā tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ū lâng teh iōng.
+== Le̍k-sú ==
-{{stub}}
+Sok-pa̍k tiān-hō kap Chū-iû{{stub}}
 [[Category:Chēng-tiān-ha̍k]]
 [[Category:Tiān-chû-ha̍k]]