Genève Kong-iok

Genève Kong-iok sī sio̍k-tī kok-chè-hoat ê 4 ê tiâu-iok só͘ cho͘-sêng--ê, chè-tēng ê tē-tiûⁿ sī tī Sūi-sū ê Genève. Chit 4 ê tiâu-iok lóng kap jîn-tō gī-tê ū tī-tāi, Sūi-sū-lâng Henri Dunant khoàⁿ-tio̍h 1859 nî Solferino Chiàn-cheng ê chân-jím liáu-āu, chū-án-ne khai-sí tshui-sak tio̍h chhiam-sú chit-ê kong-iok.

4 ê tiâu-iok--ni̍h ū kui-tēng kìⁿ-nā chhiam-sú ê kok-ka, lóng tio̍h tī in kok-lāi chè-tēng hoat-lu̍t, kā ûi-hoán Genève Kong-iok ê lâng tòng-chò choē-hoān lâi chhú-hoa̍t.

Kong-iok ê loē-iông lia̍t tiàm ē-kha:

• Tē-it Genève Kong-iok "Ūi-tio̍h Beh Kái-siān Chiàn-tiûⁿ Téng-koân Tio̍h-siong kap Phoà-pēⁿ ê Bú-chong Jîn-oân ê Chōng-hóng" (1864 nî thâu-chi̍t-pái chhiam-iok, 1949 nî siōng-boé chi̍t-pái siu-kái). Chit-ê tiâu-iok sī beh kái-siān tī chiàn-tàu ê tiong-kan tio̍h-siong ê lâng, ki-pún-tek i iau-kiû chiàn-tiûⁿ--ni̍h ê i-liâu tūi tio̍h pang-chān lóng-chóng ê tio̍h-siong ê lâng, m̄-sī kan-taⁿ in kāng-pêng ê lâng.

• Tē-jī Genève Kong-iok "Ūi-tio̍h beh Kái-siān tī Hái--ni̍h Tio̍h-siong, Phoà-pēⁿ kap Chûn-phoà ê Bú-chong Jîn-oân ê Chōng-hóng" (In-ūi 1907 nî tùi Den Haag Kong-iok X ê chim-chiok thó-lūn, 1949 nî thâu-chi̍t-pái chhiam-iok). I ê loē-iông kap Tē-it Kong-iok sio-siâng-á sio-siâng, chóng--sī i sī chiam-tùi tī hái--ni̍h ê chiàn-tàu.

• Tē-saⁿ Genève Kong-iok "Koan-hē Tùi-thāi Hu-ló͘" (Tī 1929 nî chhiam-sú, 1949 nî siōng-boé pái siu-kái). Chit-ê kong-iok kui-tēng hu-ló͘ iā ū te̍k-tēng ê koān-lī.

• Tē sì Genève Kong-iok "Koan-hē Chiàn-cheng ê Sî tùi Bîn-kan-lâng ê Pó-hō͘" (Kin-kì 1907 nî Den Haag Kong-iok IV ê chi̍t-pō͘-hūn, tī 1949 nî chè-tēng). Hoān-nā ū chiàn-cheng ê sî, bô chham-ú tī chiàn-cheng ê lâng (in kiò-chò "bîn-kan-lâng", Eng-gí: civilian) tio̍h tī bó͘-chi̍t-koá chhiú-lō͘ ē-kha siū-tio̍h pó-hō͘, kong-iok lāi-té ū kóng-tio̍h ài an-choáⁿ chò.

Tû-khì téng-koân ê tiâu-iok, Genève Kong-iok koh ū 3 ê hù-ka ê hia̍p-gī:

• Hia̍p-gī I (1977 nî): Hù-ka tī 1949 nî 8 goe̍h 12 Genève Kong-iok ê Hia̍p-gī, koan-hē Pó-hō͘ Kok-chè Bú-chong Chhiong-tu̍t ê Siū-hāi-chiá. Chit-ê tiâu-iok sī kóng-khí tī chhiong-tu̍t kap chiàn-cheng tiong-kan tio̍h án-choáⁿ tùi-thāi siū-hāi-chiá.

• Hia̍p-gī II (1977 nî): Hù-ka tī 1949 nî 8 goe̍h 12 Genève Kong-iok ê Hia̍p-gī, koan-hē Pó-hō͘ Hui-kok-chè Bú-chong Chhiong-tu̍t ê Siū-hāi-chiá. Iā-chiū-sī lāi-chiàn ê siū-hāi-chí.

• Hia̍p-gī III (2005 nî): Hù-ka tī 1949 nî 8 goe̍h 12 Genève Kong-iok ê Hia̍p-gī, koan-hē Chhái-iōng Hù-ka ê Phoàⁿ-jīn Kì-jīn. Iā-chiū-sī ēng âng chúi-chiⁿ tāi-piáu chhiah si̍p-jī thang phiah-khui chong-kàu ê hâm-ì.

Tī Tē-it Kong-iok chhiam-sú liáu-āu, 1863 nî Kok-chè Chhiah Si̍p-jī Hoē tō sêng-li̍p--a.

Chit 4 ê kong-iok tī 1949 nî lóng ū chò khak-jīn kap thong-koè. Chit-ê siu-kái, ū chi̍t-pō͘-hūn sī kā 1907 nî Den Haag Kong-iok ê koan-liām ka--ji̍p-khì. It-poaⁿ sī kā chit 4 ê kong-iok kap--khí-lâi kiò-chò "1949 nî ê Genève Kong-iok", he̍k-chiá-sī tō kan-séng kóng "Genève Kong-iok". Siong-boé pái chhiam-sú kok khui-hoē ê sī, mā ū kā kìm-chí bó͘-chi̍t-koá chián-tàu ê chhiú-lō͘ ka ji̍p-khì tiâu-iok--ni̍h, lēng-goā mā thê-khì lāi-chiàn ê gī-tê. Taⁿ thong-sè-kài beh 200 ê kok-ka chha-put-to lóng sī Genève Kong-iok ê chhiam-sú kok.

Pa̍t-ê Bāng-chām

• Genève Kong-iok kap hù-ka hia̍p-gī ê chhiam-sú kok
• Chhiah Si̍p-jī kap Genève Kong-iok
• Kong-iok ê bûn-jī loē-iông Lâi-goân: ICRC 1949 Conventions and 1977 Protocols Lâi-goân: Society of Professional Journalists
• Genève Kong-iok ê chham-khó siāu-kài
• Liân-ha̍p-kok Jîn-koân Ko-téng Úi-oân-hoē - Kok-chè Jîn-koân ê chu-goân
• Law-Ref.org só͘ kong-pò͘ ê Genève Kong-iok - Ū ín-tek kap hām pa̍t-ê bûn-kiāⁿ ê liân-kiat.
• Genève Kong-iok ê chhiam-sú kok (Hoat-gí bûn-kiāⁿ) — Sūi-sū sī hiān-chhú-sî ê tiâu-iok siū-thok-chiá, Iok-kî-lio̍k 60 ê kok-chè tiâu-iok kap ta̍k-ê tiâu-iok ê chhiam-sú kok ê miâ-toaⁿ (Hoat-gí). Lēng-goā ū chu-liāu-khò͘.
• Eng-bûn pán ê Genève Kong-iok siū-thok-chiá pò-kò(.PDF) Advocacy & Intelligence Index For POWs-MIAs Archives ùi Sūi-sū tóng-àn chè-chok--ê.