Gaeltacht
Gaeltacht (Ài-ní-lân Gael-gí: [ˈɡeːl̪ˠt̪ˠəxt̪ˠ]), sī Éire (iā-tio̍h-sī Ài-ní-lân) in chèng-hú só͘ jīn-tēng chú-iàu kóng Éire-gí (Gaeilge) ê só͘-chāi. Chit ê só͘-chāi tio̍h sī Éire-gí ê kò͘-hiong.[1] Ghaeltacht siōng thâu-á sī tī 1920 nî-tāi Éire Chū-iû Chiu ê sî-tāi siū koaⁿ-hong jīn-tēng, chèng-hú mā tī hit chūn khai-sí ū chi̍t kóa chèng-chhek lâi beh hôe-ho̍k Éire ōe.[2] Tī Ghaeltacht só͘-chāi, in ê ōe-gí í-keng thè-pō͘ kah chin giâm-tiōng.[3] Tī Gaeltacht soán-kí lóng-chóng hun chò 155 soán khu. Kin-kù 2015 nî só͘ hoat-piáu ê gián-kiù, tī só͘-ū ê Gaeltacht soán khu tang-tiong kan-ta ū 21 khu ū chhiau-kòe 2/3 (3 hun chi 2) ê jîn-kháu ta̍k-kang ū teh kóng Éire-gí. Ha̍k-chiá jīn-ûi, chi̍t chióng ōe-gí nā beh ài ē-tit thoân-sêng, phó͘-thong sî-á tio̍h ài ū chì-chió 2/3 ê jîn-kháu lâi teh sú-iōng hit khoán ōe-gí.[4][5]
Jîn-kháu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]
Kin-kù Gaeltachta Chèng-hú ê thóng-kè, Gaeltacht ê jîn-kháu lóng-chóng ū 95,503 lâng. Kî-tiong tòa tī Gaillimh ê ū 14,000 lâng.[6]
Bo̍k-chêng Gaeltacht hêng-chèng khu ê kui-ōe iáu sī ū chin chē gī-lūn.[7]
Hêng-chèng Khang-khòe[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]
Hêng-chèng khang-khòe sī tiong-iong ê Koan-kong, Bûn-hòa, Gē-su̍t, Gaeltacht, Ūn-tōng kap Mûi-thé Pō͘ () lâi chhōa-thâu, hū-chek Gaeltacht só͘-chāi ê só͘-ū chèng-chhek í-ki̍p koán-lí Gaeltacht só͘-ū ê chèng-hú tan-ūi. La-jí-oh ū RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta tiān-tâi chú-iàu hòng-sàng Éire-gí ê chiat-bo̍k. Chóng-pō͘ chhāi tī Gaillimh ê TG4 tiān-sī tâi chú-iàu hū-chek chò chhui-kóng Éire ōe ê tiān-sī chiat-bo̍k.
Ùi 2005 nî 3 goe̍h khai-sí, tī Gaeltacht tē-khu ê lō͘ pâi-á kan-ta lia̍t Éire ōe ê tē-hō-miâ, bô koh lēng-gōa phiau siá Eng-gí miâ. Chit hāng kái-piàn tē-hō-miâ ê khang-khòe sī chun-chiàu Koaⁿ-hong Gí-giân Hoat hoat-pò͘ liáu-āu só͘ hoat ê Tē-hō-miâ Bēng-lēng lâi kā oân-sêng.[8]
Gí-giân Ho̍k-heng kap Chhòng-sin[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]
Kui ê Ài-ní-lân, ùi lâm kàu pak, ū put-chí-á chē só͘-chāi lóng siūⁿ-beh koh tiông-sin kiàn-li̍p kóng Éire-gí ê siā-khu. Kok tē só͘ chò ê thêng-tō͘ bô kāng. M̄-nā tī chng-kha, to͘-chhī mā kāng-khoán ū só͘-chāi teh chò. Chit-má phó͘-thong sî-á ū teh kóng Éire-gí--ê tōa pō͘-hūn lóng tòa tī Gaeltacht í-gōa ê só͘-chāi. Iû-kî tī Dublin kóng Éire-gí ê lâng siōng chē.
Dublin[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]
Tī Dublin-chhī lāi kap kui ê Tōa Dublin Tē-khu ū siōng chē ta̍k-kang lóng ū teh kóng Éire-gí ê jîn-kháu, lóng-chóng chiàm in choân-kok kóng Éire-gí ê lâng ê 18%, ū 14,229 lâng.[9]
Tī Dublin-koān ū chhiau-kòe 50 keng Ài-ní-lân-gí ha̍k-hāu, iā-tio̍h-sī iōng Éire-gí lâi kà-chheh ê ha̍k-hāu. Kî-tiong ū 10 keng tiong-ha̍k.
Gaeilge Ha̍k-īⁿ[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]
Gaeilge Ha̍k-īⁿ tio̍h sī teh kà Gaeilge (Éire-gí) ê ha̍k-hāu. Khò-têng it-poaⁿ ē an-pâi tī joa̍h-thiⁿ ū 3 lé-pài ê sî-kan hō͘ ha̍k-seng lâi ha̍k-hāu ji̍t-sî siōng-khò àm-sî tòa tī sok-sià, thé-giām choân Gaeilge ê khoân-kéng.
Che Gaeilge ha̍k-īⁿ kap it-poaⁿ ha̍k-hāu kāng-khoán, chio-seng lâng-sò͘, kà-chheh ê chu-keh téng-téng lóng tio̍h ài àn-chiàu Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ ê kui-tēng. Ū ê khò-têng sī í tāi-ha̍k chò ki-chhó͘ lâi an-pâi ê.
Chham-khó Lâi-goân[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]
- ↑ Webster's Dictionary – definition of Gaeltacht
- ↑ Maguire, Peter A. (Fall 2002). "Language and Landscape in the Connemara Gaeltacht". Journal of Modern Literature. 26 (1): 99–107. doi:10.2979/JML.2002.26.1.99. S2CID 161439552.
- ↑ Mac Donnacha, Joe, 'The Death of a Language,' Dublin Review of Books, Issue 58, 16 June 2014: http://www.drb.ie/essays/the-death-of-a-language
- ↑ RTÉ News Report of Friday 29 May 2015
- ↑ NUASHONRÚ AR AN STAIDÉAR CUIMSITHEACH TEANGEOLAÍOCH AR ÚSÁID NA GAEILGE SA GHAELTACHT: 2006–2011
- ↑ "Udaras.ie - Na meáin - Fíricí gasta". Cartlannaíodh an bunleathanach ar 2011-05-27. Dáta rochtana: 2011-08-07.
- ↑ "The death of the Irish language: a qualified obituary", Reg Hindley (Google Books)
- ↑ http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2003/en/act/pub/0032/index.html Irish Statute Book
- ↑ "Profile 9 What We Know – Education, skills and the Irish language". CSO. 22 November 2012.