Lietuva

	Lietuva Kiōng-hô-kok
	Lietuvos Respublika
Kok-kî	Bûn-chiong
	Kok-koa: Tautiška giesmė; National Hymn;
	Chū-jiân tē-lí; (si̍t-chè khòng-chè tē-khu)
	; Lietuva ê só͘-chāi.
Siú-to͘	Vilnius
Siāng-tōa siâⁿ-chhī	capital
	Bīn-chek Kok-thó͘ bīn-chek: 65,300 km² pâi sè-kài tē-123rd miâ;
Sî-khu	UTC+2 (Hā-lēng-sî: UTC+3)
	Jîn-bîn seng-oa̍h
Koaⁿ-hong gí-giân	Lietuva-gí
	Jîn-kháu Chóng jîn-kháu: ▼ 2,842,412 lâng 2017 nî kó͘-kè, pâi sè-kài tē 137th miâ; Jîn-kháu bi̍t-tō͘: 43 lâng/km2 , pâi sè-kài tē 173rd miâ;
Cho̍k-kûn	86.7% Lithuanians ; 5.6% Poles ; 4.8% Russians ; 1.3% Belarusians ; 0.7% Ukrainians ; 0.1% Jews ; 0.1% Tatars ; 0.1% Germans ; 0.1% Romani ; 0.1% Latvians ; 0.5% others / unspecified ;
Jîn-bîn hō-miâ	Lietuva-lâng
	Chèng-tī bûn-hoà
chèng-tī chè-tō͘	Unitary semi-presidential republic
	Léng-tō-jîn chóng-thóng: Gitanas Nausėda; chóng-lí: Ingrida Šimonytė; [[Lietuva Seimas Speaker\|Seimas Speaker]]: Viktorija Čmilytė-Nielsen;
	Keng-chè si̍t-le̍k
hoè-pè tan-ūi	Euro (€) (EUR)
Gini hē-sò͘	37.9(2015 nî)
GDP (PPP)	$86 billion (2016 nî)
GDP (bêng-gī siōng ê)	$43 billion (2016 nî)
Pêng-kin GDP (PPP)	$29,900 (2016 nî)
Pêng-kin GDP (bêng-gī siōng ê)	$14,900 (2016 nî)
HDI	0.839 (2014 nî)
	Kok-ka chu-liāu
bāng-he̍k miâ-chheng sok-siá	.lta
kok-chè tiān-oē khu-hō	+370

Lietuva (Lietuva-gí ho͘-im: [liɛtuvɑ] "li-é-tu-bah"), chèng-sek choân-miâ Lietuva Kiōng-hô-kok (Lietuva-gú: Lietuvos Respublika) sī tī Tang Au-chiu ê kok-ka, sī Baltic Kok-ka 3-kok ê kî-tiong 1 kok. Lietuva ê pak-hong sī Latvia, tang-lâm-hong sī Belarus, lâm-hong sī Pho-lân, sai-lâm-hong sī Lō͘-se-a ê Kaliningrad Oblast.

Ki-pún chu-liāu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Koaⁿ-hong gí-giân: Lietuva-gí
Siú-to͘: Vilnius
Siāng-tōa ê siâⁿ-chhī: Vilnius
Chóng-thóng: Dalia Grybauskaitė
Chhōa-thâu ê pō͘-tiúⁿ: Saulius Skvernelis
Bīn-chek: 65,300 km²
Jîn-kháu:
- 2,856,350 (2016)
- Bi̍t-tō͘: 45.3/km²

Chham-chiàu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

↑ "Pradžia – OSP". stat.gov.lt.
↑ Lina Kulikauskienė (2002). Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija [The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania] (ēng Lietuva-gí). Native History, CD. ISBN 9986-9216-7-8.
↑ Ernst Veser (23 September 1997). "Semi-Presidentialism-Duverger's Concept — A New Political System Model" (PDF) (ēng Eng-gí and Hôa-gí). Department of Education, School of Education, University of Cologne: 39–60. 20 August 2016 khòaⁿ--ê. Duhamel has developed the approach further: He stresses that the French construction does not correspond to either parliamentary or the presidential form of government, and then develops the distinction of 'système politique' and 'régime constitutionnel'. While the former comprises the exercise of power that results from the dominant institutional practice, the latter is the totality of the rules for the dominant institutional practice of the power. In this way, France appears as 'presidentialist system' endowed with a 'semi-presidential regime' (1983: 587). By this standard he recognizes Duverger's pléiade as semi-presidential regimes, as well as Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and Lithuania (1993: 87).
↑ Matthew Shugart Søberg (September 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies. United States: University of California, San Diego. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 19 August 2008 hőng khó͘-pih. 20 August 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ Matthew Søberg Shugart (December 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns". French Politics. 3 (3): 323–351. doi:10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087. A pattern similar to the French case of compatible majorities alternating with periods of cohabitation emerged in Lithuania, where Talat-Kelpsa (2001) notes that the ability of the Lithuanian president to influence government formation and policy declined abruptly when he lost the sympathetic majority in parliament.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 "Lithuania". International Monetary Fund. 2015. 6 October 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ Lithuania. Imf.org.

Pún bûn-chiuⁿ sī chi̍t phiⁿ phí-á-kiáⁿ. Lí thang tàu khok-chhiong lâi pang-chō͘ Wikipedia.

[1] "Pradžia – OSP". stat.gov.lt.

[Lina-2] Lina Kulikauskienė (2002). Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija [The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania] (ēng Lietuva-gí). Native History, CD. ISBN 9986-9216-7-8.

[3] Ernst Veser (23 September 1997). "Semi-Presidentialism-Duverger's Concept — A New Political System Model" (PDF) (ēng Eng-gí and Hôa-gí). Department of Education, School of Education, University of Cologne: 39–60. 20 August 2016 khòaⁿ--ê. Duhamel has developed the approach further: He stresses that the French construction does not correspond to either parliamentary or the presidential form of government, and then develops the distinction of 'système politique' and 'régime constitutionnel'. While the former comprises the exercise of power that results from the dominant institutional practice, the latter is the totality of the rules for the dominant institutional practice of the power. In this way, France appears as 'presidentialist system' endowed with a 'semi-presidential regime' (1983: 587). By this standard he recognizes Duverger's pléiade as semi-presidential regimes, as well as Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and Lithuania (1993: 87).

[4] Matthew Shugart Søberg (September 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies. United States: University of California, San Diego. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 19 August 2008 hőng khó͘-pih. 20 August 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.

[5] Matthew Søberg Shugart (December 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns". French Politics. 3 (3): 323–351. doi:10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087. A pattern similar to the French case of compatible majorities alternating with periods of cohabitation emerged in Lithuania, where Talat-Kelpsa (2001) notes that the ability of the Lithuanian president to influence government formation and policy declined abruptly when he lost the sympathetic majority in parliament.

[imf2-6] 6.0 ^6.1 "Lithuania". International Monetary Fund. 2015. 6 October 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.

[7] Lithuania. Imf.org.

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Lietuva

Ki-pún chu-liāu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Chham-chiàu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Sûn-lám me-niú

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