Ò-chiu

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(Tùi Australia choán--lâi)
Ò-chiu Liân-pang
Commonwealth of Australia
Ò-chiu kî-á
kok-kî
Ò-chiu kok-hui
kok-hui
Kok-koa: Advance Australia Fair
"Hiòng-chiân bí-lē ê Ò-chiu"
Ông-ka siōng-koa: God Save the King
"Siōng-tè pó-iū kok-ông"
Siú-to͘ Canberra
Siāng-tōa siâⁿ-chhī Sydney
Koaⁿ-hong gí-giân
Sêng-jīn ê kok-ka gí-giân Eng-gí
Chèng-hú Liân-pang, gī-hōe-chè, kun-chú li̍p-hiàn
• kok-ông
Charles 3-sè
• chóng-tok
David Hurley
• chóng-lí
Anthony Albanese
Li̍p-hoat ki-kò͘ Liân-pang Gī-hoē
Goân-ló-īⁿ
Tāi-gī-īⁿ
Bīn-chek
• Lóng-chóng
7,692,024 km2 (2,969,907 sq mi) (tē 6 miâ)
• chúi-he̍k (%)
1.79
Jîn-kháu
• 2021 nî kó͘-kè
Neutral increase 23,401,892 (tē 53 miâ)
• 2016 nî phó͘-cha
23,401,892
• Bi̍t-tō͘
3.4/km2 (8.8/sq mi) (tē 192 miâ)
GDP (PPP) 2021 nî kó͘-kè
• Lóng-chóng
Increase $1.427 bān-ek (tē 19 miâ)
• Pêng-kin
Increase $55,492 (tē 22 miâ)
GDP (bêng-gī) 2021 nî kó͘-kè
• Lóng-chóng
Increase $1.611 bān-ek (tē 13 miâ)
• Pêng-kin
Increase $62,619 (tē 9 miâ)
Gini (2018 nî) Positive decrease 32.5
tiong · tē 16 miâ
HDI (2019 nî) Increase 0.944
chin ko · tē 8 miâ
Hoè-pè Ò-chiu dollar ($) (AUD)
Sî-khu UTC+8; +9.5; +10
• Hā-sî-kan (DST)
UTC+8; +9.5; +10; +10.5; +11
Sî-kan keh-sek dd/mm/yyyy
yyyy-mm-dd
Khui-chhia hong-hiòng chó
Tiān-oē khu-hō +61
ISO 3166 tāi-hō AU
Siōng-téng domain .au

Ò-chiu (澳洲, Eng-gí: Australia), mā thang kiò chò O͘-sú-to-lá-lí-ah (オーストラリア), mā pat kiò Hô-chiu (豪洲/濠洲)[1], Hô-thài-la̍t-lī (濠太剌利) ia̍h-sī Ò-tāi-lī-a (澳大利亞), choân-miâ Ò-chiu Liân-pang/Ò-tāi-lī-a Liân-pang (Commonwealth of Australia), sī chôan sè-kài thó͘-tē bīn-chek tē-6 tōa ê kok-ka, i mā sī Tāi-iûⁿ-chiu siāng-tōa ê kok-ka. Ò-chiu pún-sin sī tē-kiû téng thó͘-tē bīn-chek siōng-sè ê 1-tè lio̍k-tē. Tī Ò-chiu ê tang-lâm-hong sī New Zealand, pak-pêng 3-ê kok-ka sī Papua New Guinea, Ìn-nî kah Tang Timor. "Australia" chit-ê Eng-bûn tan-sû ê gôan-thâu sī Latin-gí ê "terra australis incognita" (iá-bōe liáu-kái ê lâm-hong tāi-lio̍k)

Le̍k-sú[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Tī 50000-nî chêng, Ò-tāi-lī-a chit-ê só͘-chāi to̍h ū jîn-lūi o̍ah-tōng ê kha-liah, chit-chūn tng-tē hia-ê gôan-chū-bîn ê chó͘-sian to̍h-sī ùi Tang-lâm-a poaⁿ-sóa kòe--lâi-ê. Au-chiu-lâng kàu-kah 17 sè-kí chiah hoat-hiān chit-tè tāi-lio̍k. 1770 nî, Eng-kok soan-pò͘ khai-sí tùi Ò-tāi-lī-a hêng-sú chú-kôan, 1788 nî liáu-āu, Ò-tāi-lī-a chèng-sek chiâⁿ-chòe Eng-kok ê liû-hòng-tē (penal colony).

1901 nî, Ò-tāi-lī-a chiâⁿ-chòe Eng-kok ê liân-pang a̍h-sī kóng hō-chòe chū-tī léng-thó͘, sǹg kóng to̍k-li̍p ah (put-kò, si̍t-chè siōng pēng-bô ôan-chôan to̍k-li̍p).

Hiān-chú-sî ê Ò-tāi-lī-a sī kun-chú li̍p-hiàn chè ê kok-ka, " kun-chú " to̍h-sī kok-ka gôan-siú. Kun-kù Ò-tāi-lī-a ê hoat-lu̍t, "Eng-kok kun-chú" to̍h-sī Ò-chiu ê kun-chú. 1999 nî, Ò-tāi-lī-a kú-hêng chôan-bîn kong-koat, iōng kiōng-hô thé-chè chhú-tāi lú-hông ê thê-àn siū hó͘-koat.

Chèng-tī[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Eng-kok lú-ông sī Ò-tāi-lī-a liân-pang ê kok-ka gôan-siú, chóng-tok sī lú-ông ê tāi-piáu. Put-jî-kò sū-si̍t siōng "kun-chú" chí-sī 1-chióng siōng-tin. Kok-ka ê hêng-chèng kôan-le̍k iû Lōe-koh khòng-chè, chóng-lí sī lōe-koh ê léng-tō-lâng Chóng-lí it-poaⁿ lâi kóng to̍h-sī Chiòng-gī-īⁿ to-sò͘-tóng ê léng-siù.

Liân-pang gī-hōe iû 2-ê gī-īⁿ cho͘-sêng : Chiòng-gī-īⁿ (150-se̍k) kah Chham-gī-īⁿ (76-se̍k). 2-ê gī-īⁿ múi-hông 3-nî kú-hêng 1-pái ê sóan-kí.

Ò-chiu chèng-tóng[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Hêng-chèng-khu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Australia chôan-kok pun-chòe 6-ê chiu, 3-ê léng-thó͘ kap 7-ê hái-goā léng-thó͘.

Chiu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Léng-thó͘[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Hái-goā léng-thó͘[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Chú-iàu ê siâⁿ-chhī[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Tē-lí[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Ò-tāi-lī-a kok-lāi tōa-to-sò͘ ê só͘-chāi sī soa-bo̍k he̍k-chiá pòaⁿ-soa-bo̍k tē-tài (soa-bo̍k chiàm 40%). Kok-ka ê tang-lâm-pō͘ kah sai-lâm-pō͘ sio̍k Un-tài khì-hāu, thô͘-chit khah pûi; pak-pō͘ só͘-chāi sī Jia̍t-tài khì-hāu, 1-pòaⁿ sī Jia̍t-tài ú-nâ, koh 1-pòaⁿ sī chháu-gôan; tang-pak-pō͘ ū 1-ê chôan sè-kài siōng-tōa ê san-ô͘-chiau: Tāi-pó-ta (Great Barrier Reef; 大堡礁)

Keng-chè[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Ò-tāi-lī-a sī 1-ê chiâⁿ hôan-êng ê se-sek hūn-ha̍p-hêng keng-chè ê kok-ka, jîn-kun GDP kah Au-chiu sù-tāi keng-chè-thé ū-tè pí. Chòe-kīn chit-chām, Ò-tāi-lī-a ê keng-chè siū-tio̍h chôan-kiû keng-chè lo̍h-nńg ê éng-hiáng, ôan-á pàng-bān cheng-tióng ê sok-tō͘.

Jîn-kháu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Ò-tāi-lī-a tōa-to-sò͘ kok-bîn ê chó·-sian sī 19, 20 sè-kí ê sî-kî î-bîn kòe--lâi ê Eng-kok-lâng. Che í-gōa, koh ū 1-kóa Hi-lia̍p, Italia kah A-chiu kok-ka ê î-bîn poaⁿ-lâi chia tòa. Gôan-chū-bîn chiàm ê pí-lē khah bô kàu 1%. Chham chin-chōe hoat-ta̍t kok-ka sio-siông, jîn-kháu ló-hòa ê būn-tôe ôan-á khùn-jiáu tio̍h Ò-tāi-lī-a.

Ò-tāi-lī-a ê thong-iōng-gí sī Eng-gí. 1-kóa-á gôan-chū-bîn kàu-taⁿ iu-gôan pó-liû in ê cho̍k-gí. Î-bîn cho̍k-kûn ê tē-2 tāi óng-óng ē-hiáng kóng bú-gí kah Eng-gí.

Chong-kàu[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Tī Ò-tāi-lī-a, phó͘-lio̍k ū 7,8-siâⁿ ê kok-bîn sìn-hōng Thian-chú-kàu a̍h-sī Sin-kàu.

Bûn-hòa[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

Chham-khó[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]

  1. Tân Chheng-tiong (1927-07) Sè-kài Tē-it. Kòa-chhài-chí.

Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]