Tâi-oân hong-im hû-hō
這篇文章有漢字兮版本。 參考這篇文章兮漢字版本。 |
Tâi-gí Hong-im Hû-hō | |
---|---|
Ēng taî-gí hong-im hû-hō siá--ê "pah-kho-choân-su" | |
Script type | (Piau tī Hàn-jī piⁿ--á) |
Creator | Chu Tiāu-siông、Taî-oân-séng Kok-gí Thui-hêng Úi-oân-hōe |
Time period | 1946 nî kaù-taⁿ |
Su-siá hong-hiòng | Iù tò-pîng kàu tsìng-pîng |
Languages | Tâi-gí、Kheh-gí |
Related scripts | |
Parent systems |
Hàn-jī
|
ISO 15924 | |
ISO 15924 | Bopo, , Bopomofo |
Unicode | |
Unicode alias | Bopomofo |
U+3100–U+312F U+31A0–U+31BF | |
_BLANK_ | |
臺灣方音符號 | |
Hàn-jī | 方音符號 |
---|---|
Pe̍h-ōe-jī | Hong-im Hû-hō |
Tâi-lô | Hong-im Hû-hō |
Bbánpìng | Hōngyīm Húhô |
Hong-im hû-hō (ㄏㆲ ㄧㆬ ㄏㄨˊ ㄏㄜ˫, Hàn-jī: 方音符號, Kheh-gí Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Fông-yîm Fù-ho, Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols(TPS)), Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ koaⁿ-hong kā hō-chò "hong-im hû-hō hē-thońg", bîn-kan koh kā kiò-chò Taî-gí chù-im, sī chi̍t thò khe̍h laî piau-sī Tâi-gí kah Kheh-gí ê piau-im hû-hō. Chú-iàu sī í chù-im hû-hō chò ki-chhó͘, koh ke chi̍t-kóa hû-hō lâi piáu-sī hôa-gí lāi-té bô ê im.
Le̍k-sú
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Hong-im hû-hō hē-thońg, tī it kiú sù lio̍k nî iû Tâi-oân-séng Kok-gí Thui-hêng Úi-oân-hōe hong-giân-cho͘ ê Ho̍h-ló-lan̂g Chu Tiāu-siông kàu-siū siat-kè[1], Bat-tī tâi-oân końg-pò tiān-tâi ū kàu-ha̍k chiat-bo̍k, mā tī kok-gí-ji̍t-pò liân chài, í ē-mn̂g im chò phiau-chún, m̄-koh āu-lâi in-ūi thui-hêng kok-gí ūn-ton̄g tio̍h khah chió lan̂g teh ēng--ah, Chu kàu-siū mā cháu-khì Sin-ka-pho[2][3].
Tâi-oân Tāi-ha̍k Tiong-bûn-hē thè-hiu kàu-siū Ngô͘ Siú-lé siá--ê kok-tâi tùi-chiàu oa̍h-iōng sû-tián kah hiong-thó͘ bûn-ha̍k chok-ka Iôⁿ Chheng-chhiok siá--ê tâi-hôa siang-gí sû-tián lońg chhái-ēng chù-im, 1998 nî Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ mā kong-kò sú-iōng tâi-gí chù-im.[4]2006 nî 10 goe̍h 14 hō, Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ kong-pò͘ Tâi-oân Bân-lâm-gí Lô-má-jī Pheng-im Hong-àn, koaⁿ-hong choán-khì thui-hêng Lô-má-jī[5], the-chhut koaⁿ-hong sû-tián Tâi-oân Bân-lâm-gí Siông-iōng-sû Sû-tián[6], pēng-chhiáⁿ chiâⁿ-chò kàu-io̍k-kài ê chú-liû; chù-im tio̍h in-ūi khah chió lan̂g iōng, chi-oān ê jī-thé mā khah chió[7], jî-chhiáⁿ pian-bé mā bô chù-im chit-khoán siāng-hā pâi-lia̍t ê hêng-sek, bô-hoat-tō͘ tián-hiān i ê oa̍t-tho̍k iu-sè. Sú-iōng-lu̍t mā in-ūi le̍k-sú khah té, bûn-hiàn sioⁿ chió, só͘-í pí Lô-má-jī kē, m̄-koh kīn-nî í-lâi mā ta̍uh-ta̍uh-á cheng-ka, chhiōⁿ ban̄g-lō͘ Tâi-gí sû-tián Bêng-tián tio̍h ū iōng chù-im piau tī hàn-jī piⁿ-á.
Tī hong-im hû-hō siat-kè chìn-chêng, Kok-bîn Chèng-hú tio̍h in-ūi hàn-gí-cho̍k ē-kha kok-chióng hàn-gí ê chù-im su-kiû, bat chhut-pán kòe Chù-im Hû-hō Chońg-piáu. Chit-ê piáu sī gí-giân ha̍k-ka Tiō Goân-jīm tam-jīm chú-phian, í chù-im hû-hō chò ki-chhó͘ khì siu-kái, cheng-ka 40 ê hû-hō, hō-chò "jūn-im hû-hō", iōng-lâi thè kok-chióng hàn-gí chù-im. M̄-koh to-sò͘ hong-im-hû-hō lońg lēng-gōa siat-kè, kan-na chió-chió kúi-nā ê hong-im hû-hō kah jūn-im hû-hō sio-kan̂g, chhiōⁿ ", , " chit saⁿ ê lô-im siaⁿ-bú. Hong-im hû-hō ê ūn-bú siat-kè, ki-pún-siōng lońg kah jūn-im hû-hō bô-kan̂g.
2009 nî 11 goe̍h, Liân-kang-koān chèng-hú pan-pò͘ Bân-tang-ōe chù-im hû-hō. Tâi-oân hong-im-hû-hō ê jī-hêng tī tiān-náu su-ji̍p hong-bīn, tû-liáu hiān-iú ê kok-chióng Bân-lâm-gí su-ji̍p-hoat í-gōa, bo̍k-chêng mā ū ē-sái tī chhiú-ki-á téng-koân su-ji̍p ê APP, chhiōⁿ "tâi-gí khí-pò͘".[8]
Hû-hō-pió
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Tī Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ kong-pò͘ ê Tâi-gí thong-hêng-khioⁿ lāi-té, chońg-kiōng sú-iōng 49 ê hû-hō, kî-tiong 26 ê sī tùi kok-gí chù-im hû-hō lâi--ê, lēng-gōa koh chhoǹg-chō 23 ê sin hû-hō lâi piau-sī tâi-oân ê gí-giân.
Siaⁿ-bó (21) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ㄅ | ㆠ | ㄆ | ㄇ | ㄉ | ㄊ | ㄋ | ㄌ | ㄍ | ㆣ | ㄎ | ㄫ | ㄏ | ㄐ | ㆢ | ㄑ | ㄒ | ㄗ | ㆡ | ㄘ | ㄙ | |||
[p] | [b] | [pʰ] | [m] | [t] | [tʰ] | [n] | [l] | [k] | [g] | [kʰ] | [ŋ] | [h] | [t͡ɕ] | [d͡ʑ] | [t͡ɕʰ] | [ɕ] | [t͡s] | [d͡z] | [t͡sʰ] | [s] | |||
Ūn-bó (24) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
ㄚ | ㆩ | ㆦ | ㆧ | ㄛ | ㆤ | ㆥ | ㄞ | ㆮ | ㄠ | ㆯ | ㆰ | ㆱ | ㆬ | ㄢ | ㄣ | ㄤ | ㆲ | ㄥ | ㆭ | ㄧ | ㆪ | ㄨ | ㆫ |
[a] | [ã] | [ɔ] | [ɔ̃] | [o] | [e] | [ẽ] | [ai] | [ãĩ] | [au] | [ãũ] | [am] | [ɔm] | [m̩] | [an] | [n] | [aŋ] | [ɔŋ] | [əŋ] | [ŋ̍] | [i] | [ĩ] | [u] | [ũ] |
- Iōng nâ-jī ê sī kok-gí bô leh sú-iōng ê hû-hō, iōng an̂g-jī ê sī hoat-im kah kok-gí bô siáⁿ kan̂g ê hû-hō.
- Tâi-gí ū sì chióng ji̍p-siaⁿ ūn-bóe, ēng sió-bé ê "ㄅ [p̚], ㄉ [t̚], ㄍ [k̚], ㄏ [ʔ]" piáu-sī.
- Tī pō͘-hūn khioⁿ-kháu lāi-té ē sú-iōng "ㄬ [ɲ], ㄜ [ə], ㄝ [ɛ], ㆨ [ɨ]" téng hû-hō chò piau-im.
Hong-im Hû-hō Hē-thońg
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]- Í-hā sūn-sū, hoān-lē í 1998 nî Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ kong-kò ê bûn-kiāⁿArchived 2018-07-22 at the Wayback Machine. chò piau-chún, piau-im í Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ Tâi-oân Bân-lâm-gí Siông-iōng Sû-tián lāi-té tē-it iu-sè khioⁿ ê hoat-im ūi-chú (nā m̄-sī tē-it iu-sè-khioⁿ ē lēng-gōa phiau-sī). Pō͘-hūn soat-bêng sī lâi-chū Ngô͘ Siú-lé kàu-siū ê kài-siāu.
Hû-hō kah Hoat-im
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Siaⁿ-bó
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Chù-im | Tô͘ | IPA | POJ | Tâi-lô | Hoān-lē |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ㄅ | p | p | 邊(ㄅㆪ pinn)、布(ㄅㆦ˪ pòo) | ||
ㄆ | pʰ | ph | 皮(ㄆㄨㆤˊ phuê)、配(ㄆㄨㆤ˪ phuè) | ||
ㄇ | m | m | 棉(ㄇㄧˊ mî)、麵(ㄇㄧ˫ mī) | ||
ㆠ | b[lower-alpha 1] | b | 文(ㆠㄨㄣˊ bûn)、木(ㆠㄚㄍ̇ ba̍k) | ||
ㄉ | t | t | 大(ㄉㄨㄚ˫ tuā)、肚(ㄉㆦ˫ tōo) | ||
ㄊ | tʰ | th | 透(ㄊㄠ˪ thàu)、天(ㄊㆪ thinn) | ||
ㄋ | n | n | 年(ㄋㄧˊ nî)、娘(ㄋㄧㄚˊ niâ) | ||
ㄌ | l[lower-alpha 2] | l | 來(ㄌㄞˊ lâi)、禮(ㄌㆤˋ lé) | ||
ㄗ | t͡s | ch | ts | 船(ㄗㄨㄣˊ tsûn)、早(ㄗㄚˋ tsá) | |
ㄐ | t͡ɕ | chi | tsi | 錢(ㄐㆪˊ tsînn)、前(ㄐㄧㄥˊ tsîng) | |
ㄘ | t͡sʰ | chh | tsh | 醋(ㄘㆦ˪ tshòo)、草(ㄘㄠˋ tsháu) | |
ㄑ | t͡ɕʰ | chhi | tshi | 千(ㄑㄧㄥ tshing)、七(ㄑㄧㄉ tshit) | |
ㄙ | s | s | 蘇(ㄙㆦ soo)、洗(ㄙㆤˋ sé) | ||
ㄒ | ɕ | si | 消(ㄒㄧㄠ siau)、先(ㄒㄧㄥ sing) | ||
ㆡ | d͡z / z[lower-alpha 3] | j | 熱(ㆡㄨㄚㄏ̇ jua̍h)、軟(ㆡㄨㄢˋ juán, bûn-im)[lower-alpha 4] | ||
ㆢ | d͡ʑ / ʑ[lower-alpha 3] | ji | 日(ㆢㄧㄉ̇ ji̍t)、二 (ㆢㄧ˫ jī) | ||
ㄍ | k | k | 歌(ㄍㄨㄚ kua)、光(ㄍㆭ kng) | ||
ㄎ | kʰ | kh | 苦(ㄎㆦˋ khóo)、考(ㄎㄜˋ khó) | ||
ㄫ | ŋ | ng | 吳(ㄫㆦˊ ngôo)、硬(ㄫㆤ˫ ngē) | ||
ㆣ | g[lower-alpha 5] | g | 義(ㆣㄧ˫ gī)、鵝(ㆣㄜˊ gô) | ||
ㄏ | h | h | 喜(ㄏㄧˋ hí)、花(ㄏㄨㆤ hue) |
Kài-bú kah Ūn-bú
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]- Chhim-sek pōe-kéng piáu-sī sī te̍k-pia̍t khioⁿ-kháu leh iōng--ê, iu-sè-khioⁿ bô leh iōng.
Chù-im | Tô͘ | IPA | POJ | Tâi-lô | Soat-bêng | Hoān-lē |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ㄚ | a | a | "ㄧㄚㄉ" tû-liáu [iat̚] í-gōa, mā ū lan̂g kā liām-chò [iɛt̚] iah-sī [ɛt̚]. [12] | 阿(ㄚ a)、設(ㄒㄧㄚㄉ siat) | ||
ㆤ | e | e | 啞(ㆤˋ é)、矮(ㆤˋ é) | |||
ㄧ | i | i | "ㄧㄍ" ū bô-kan̂g ê liām-hoat, pau-koat[iɪk̚], [iək̚]. | 椅(ㄧˋ í)、色(ㄒㄧㄍ sik) | ||
ㆦ | ɔ | o͘ | oo | 苦(ㄎㆦˋ khóo)、福(ㄏㆦㄍ hok) | ||
ㄛ | o | o | In-ūi tē-it iu-sè-khioⁿ (hūn-pò͘ tī lâm-pō͘) kā chit im liām-chò [ə](Tâi-lô: or), āu--lâi tio̍h ta̍uh-ta̍uh-á kái-chò iōng ㄜ lâi piáu-sī [ə], ㄛ tio̍h choan-bûn iōng tī kā i liām-chò [o] ê khioⁿ-kháu. |
好(ㄏㄛˋ hó)、寶(ㄅㄛˋ pó) | ||
ㄨ | u | o[lower-alpha 6] / u | u | 武(ㆠㄨˋ bú)、熨(ㄨㄉ ut) | ||
ㄝ | ɛ | ee | Pō͘-hūn khah-óa Chiang-khioⁿ ê khioⁿ-kháu iáu-ū [ɛ] chit im, bô ha̍p-pèng--ji̍p-khì ㆤ lāi-té. | 家(ㄍㄝ kee, Lāi-po͘-khioⁿ)、錫(ㄙㄝㄍ sek, Lāi-po͘-khioⁿ) | ||
ㄜ | ə | er | Pō͘-hūn khah óa Choân-khioⁿ ê khioⁿ-kháu [ə] bô ha̍p-pèng--ji̍p-khì ㆤ lāi-té, ēng ㄜ piáu-sī.[1] | 火(ㄏㄜˋ hér, Hái-kháu-khioⁿ)、雞(ㄍㄜㆤ kere, Hái-kháu-khioⁿ) | ||
o | o / or | Tē-it iu-sè-khioⁿ (hūn-pò͘ tī lâm-pō͘) kā /o/ liām-chò [ə] (nā beh khu-hun ê sî-chūn ē kā siá-chò or), āu--lâi ta̍uh-ta̍uh-á tio̍h kái chò-iōng ㄜ lâi piáu-sī。 | 好(ㄏㄜˋ hó)、寶(ㄅㄜˋ pó) | |||
ㆨ | ɨ | ir | Pō͘-hūn khah-óa Choân-khioⁿ ê khioⁿ-kháu ū Choân-chiu te̍k-iú ê [ɨ], bô ha̍p-pèng--ji̍p-khì /i/ he̍k-chiá /u/, tio̍h ēng ㆨ piáu-sī. | 豬(ㄉㆨ tir, Hái-kháu-khioⁿ)、銀(ㆣㆨㄣˊ gîrn, Hái-kháu-khioⁿ) | ||
ㄞ | ai | ai | 愛(ㄞ˪ ài)、乖(ㄍㄨㄞ kuai) | |||
ㄠ | au | au | 歐(ㄠ au)、跳(ㄊㄧㄠ˪ thiàu) | |||
ㆩ | ã | aⁿ | ann | 衫(ㄙㆩ sann)、山(ㄙㄨㆩ suann)[lower-alpha 7] | ||
ㆥ | ẽ | eⁿ | enn | 嬰(ㆥ enn)、病(ㄅㆥ˫ pēnn) | ||
ㆪ | ĩ | iⁿ | inn | 天(ㄊㆪ thinn)、院(ㆪ˫ īnn) | ||
ㆧ | ɔ̃ | oⁿ | onn | 。 | 好(ㄏㆧ˪ hònn, bûn-im)、否(ㄏㆧˋ hónn)[lower-alpha 8] | |
ㆫ | ũ | uⁿ | unn | Kan-na iōng tīㄧㆫ /ĩũ/. | 鴦(ㄧㆫ iunn)、張(ㄉㄧㆫ tiunn) | |
ㆬ | m̩ | m | 姆(ㆬˋ ḿ)、音(ㄧㆬ im) | |||
ㆭ | ŋ̍ | ng | 黃(ㆭˊ n̂g)、秧(ㆭ ng) | |||
ㆮ | ãĩ | aiⁿ | ainn | 閒(ㆮˊ âinn, Tan̂g-oaⁿ-khioⁿ)[lower-alpha 9]、歹(ㄆㆮˋ pháinn) | ||
ㆯ | ãũ | auⁿ | aunn | Hán-tit ēng | 喓(ㄧㆯ iaunn)[lower-alpha 10] | |
ㆰ | am | am | 暗(ㆰ˪ àm)、甘(ㄍㆰ kam) | |||
ㄢ | an | an | 「ㄧㄢ」除了[ian]以外,嘛有[iɛn]或者[ɛn]兮唸法。[12] | 限(ㄢ˫ ān)、煙(ㄧㄢ ian) | ||
ㄤ | aŋ | ang | 港(ㄍㄤˋ káng)、項(ㄏㄤ˫ hāng) | |||
ㆱ | ɔm | om | Hán-tit ēng | 參(ㄙㆱ som, Lāi-po͘-khioⁿ)、掩(ㆱ om) | ||
ㆲ | ɔŋ | ong | 王(ㆲˊ ông)、勇(ㄧㆲˋ ióng) | |||
ㄣ | n | -n | Kan-na iōng tī ㄧㄣ, ㄨㄣ kah ㆨㄣ. | 因(ㄧㄣ in)、溫(ㄨㄣ un)、恩(ㆨㄣ irn, Hái-kháu-khioⁿ) | ||
ㄥ | əŋ | -ng | Kan-na iōng tī ㄧㄥ [iəŋ]。 | 永(ㄧㄥˋ íng)、兵(ㄅㄧㄥ ping) |
Cho͘-ha̍p ūn-bú
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Kài-im | Bô ji̍p-siaⁿ ūn-bóe | Ji̍p-siaⁿ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bô | Iōng tan-it hû-hō piáu-sī | ㄚ ㆴ |
ㄚ ㆵ |
ㄚ ㆻ |
ㄚ ㆷ |
ㆩ ㆷ |
ㆦ ㆴ |
ㆦ ㆵ |
ㆧ ㆷ |
ㄛ ㆷ |
ㄜ ㆷ |
ㄝ ㆷ |
ㆤ ㆷ |
ㆥ ㆷ |
ㄞ ㆷ |
ㆮ ㆷ |
ㄠ ㆷ |
ㆯ ㆷ |
ㆬ ㆷ |
ㆭ ㆷ | |||||||||||||||
ㄧ (ㆪ) |
ㄧ ㄚ |
ㄧ ㆩ |
ㄧ ㄛ |
ㄧ ㆧ |
ㄧ ㄠ |
ㄧ ㆯ |
ㄧ ㆰ |
ㄧ ㆬ |
ㄧ ㄣ |
ㄧ ㄥ |
ㄧ ㄢ |
ㄧ ㄤ |
ㄧ ㆲ |
ㄧ ㄨ |
ㄧ ㆫ |
ㄧ ㆴ |
ㄧ ㆵ |
ㄧ ㆻ |
ㄧ ㆷ |
ㄧ ㄚ ㆴ |
ㄧ ㄚ ㆵ |
ㄧ ㄚ ㆻ |
ㄧ ㄚ ㆷ |
ㄧ ㆩ ㆷ |
ㄧ ㆦ ㆻ |
ㄧ ㄛ ㆷ |
ㄧ ㄠ ㆷ |
ㄧ ㆯ ㆷ |
ㄧ ㄨ ㆷ |
ㄧ ㆫ ㆷ |
ㆪ ㆷ |
||||
ㄨ (ㆫ) (ㄜ) |
ㄨ ㄚ |
ㄨ ㆩ |
ㄨ ㄝ |
ㄨ ㆤ |
ㄨ ㆥ |
ㄨ ㄞ |
ㄨ ㆮ |
ㄨ ㄢ |
ㄨ ㄣ |
ㄨ ㄤ |
ㄨ ㄧ |
ㄨ ㆪ |
ㆫ ㆬ |
ㆫ ㄣ |
ㆫ ㄥ |
ㆫ ㆪ |
ㄨ ㆵ |
ㄨ ㆷ |
ㄨ ㄚ ㆵ |
ㄨ ㄚ ㆻ |
ㄨ ㄚ ㆷ |
ㄨ ㆤ ㆷ |
ㄨ ㆥ ㆷ |
ㄨ ㄞ ㆷ |
ㄨ ㆮ ㆷ |
ㄨ ㄧ ㆷ |
ㄨ ㆪ ㆷ |
ㆫ ㆴ |
ㆫ ㆵ |
ㆫ ㆻ |
ㄜ ㆤ ㆷ |
- Ji̍p-siaⁿ ūn-bóe èng-kai ài sī "ㆴ(), ㆵ(), ㆻ (), ㆷ()". Kū--ê Unicode in-ūi jîn-ûi chhò-gō͘, kā "" siu-lio̍k chò "ㆶ()", che m̄-sī chèng-khak ê siá-hoat. Unicode 13.0 í-keng kā "ㆻ ()" pó͘ chiōⁿ-khì ah.
Siaⁿ-tiāu
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]In-ūi Tâi-gí iu-sè-khioⁿ lāi-té ê iôⁿ-siōng-tiāu í-keng pèng-ji̍p-khì iông-khì tiāu, só͘-í hong-im hû-hō tio̍h bô kā siat-kè i ê hû-hō. Tâi-gí iông-ji̍p ê pún-tiāu, kàu-taⁿ iáu-ū chiok tōa--ê bô-kan̂g.
Siaⁿ-tiāu | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
im-piânn | im-siōng | im-khì | im-ji̍p | iông-piânn | iông-khì | iông-ji̍p | |
Hû-hō | bô | ˋ | ˪ | ㆴ、ㆵ、ㆻ、ㆷ | ˊ | ˫ | ㆴ̇、ㆵ̇、ㆻ̇、ㆷ̇ |
Pún-tiāu tiâu-ti̍t | ˦ | ˥˧ | ˨˩ | ˧˨ | ˨˦ | ˧ | ˧ ˦ ˥˧ |
44 | 53 | 21 | 32 | 24 | 33 | 3 4 53 | |
Hoān-lē | ㄉㆲ(東) | ㄉㆲˋ(黨) | ㄉㆲ˪(棟) | ㄉㆦㆻ(督) | ㄉㆲˊ(同) | ㄉㆲ˫(洞) | ㄉㆦㆻ̇ (毒) |
Si̍t-lē
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Bêng-giân
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]- Choân-pō͘ ê kho-ha̍k lońg chí put-kò sī kā pêng-siông-sî só͘ su-khó--ê koh-chài thê-liān ── Ài-in-su-thán [lower-alpha 11]
- ㄗㄨㄢ㇒…ㄅㆦ˫ᐳ ㆤ㇒ㄎㄜ…ㄏㄚ'ㄍᐳㄌㆲ㇔ㄐㄧ㇔…ㄅㄨ ㄉ…ㄍㄜ˪ㄒㄧ˫ㄍㄚ˫ㄅㄧㄥ㇒…ㄒㄧㆲ㇒…ㄒㄧ㇒ᐳㄙㆦ㇔ㄙㄨ…ㄎㄜ㇔∷ ㆤ㇒ㄍㄜ ㄏ…ㄗㄞ˪ㄊㆤ㇒…ㄌㄧㄢ˫ᐳ ── ㄞ˪… ㄧㄣ…ㄙㄨ…ㄊㄢ㇔ᐳ [lower-alpha 12]
Chhun-hiáu
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Chhun-hiáu Bēng hō-jiân | ㄘㄨㄣ ㄏㄧㄠˋ ㆠㄧㄥ˫ ㄏㄜ˫ ㆢㄧㄢˊ | |
Chhun-biân put kak hiáu, | ㄘㄨㄣ ㆠㄧㄢˊ ㄅㄨㆵ ㄍㄚㆻ ㄏㄧㄠˋ, | |
chhù-chhù bûn thî-niáu. | ㄘㄨ˪ ㄘㄨ˪ ㆠㄨㄣˊ ㄊㄧˊ ㄋㄧㄠˋ。 | |
Iā lâi hong-ú seng, | ㄧㄚ˫ ㄌㄞˊ ㄏㆲ ㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄥ, | |
hoa lok ti to-siáu? | ㄏㄨㄚ ㄌㆦㆻ ㄉㄧ ㄉㄜ ㄒㄧㄠˋ? |
(Hàn-jī: 春眠不覺曉,處處聞啼鳥。夜來風雨聲,花落知多少?)
Liân-ha̍p-kok Sè-kài Jîn-koân Soan-giân
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Liân-ha̍p-kok Sè-kài Jîn-koân Soan-giân | ㄌㄧㄢˊㄏㄚㆴ̇ㄍㆦㆻㄙㆤᒻㄍㄞᒻ ㆢㄧㄣˊㄎㄨㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄢㆣㄧㄢˊ |
Tē it tiâu | ㄉㆤ⊦ ㄧㆵ ㄉㄧㄠˊ |
Lán-lâng seⁿ lâi chū-iû, | ㄌㄢˋ ㄌㄤˊ ㄙㆥ ㄌㄞˊ ㄗㄨ⊦ ㄧㄨˊ, |
Tī chun-giâm kah khoân-lī siōng it-lu̍t pêng-téng, | ㄉㄧ˫ ㄗㄨㄣ ㆣㄧㆰˊ ㄍㄚㆷ ㄎㄨㄢˊ ㄌㄧ⊦ ㄒㄧㆲ˫ ㄧㆵㄌㄨㆵ̇ ㄅㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˋ, |
Lán-lan̂g ū lí-sèng kah liông-sim, | ㄌㄢˋ ㄌㄤˊ ㄨ⊦ ㄌㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄥᒻ ㄍㄚㆷ ㄌㄧㆲˊ ㄒㄧㆬ, |
Jî-chhiáⁿ èng-kai í hiaⁿ-tī koan-hē ê cheng-sîn | ㆢㄧˊ ㄑㄧㆩˋ ㄧㄥˋ ㄍㄞ ㄧˋ ㄏㄧㆩ ㄉㄧ⊦ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄏㆤ⊦ ㆤˊ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄒㄧㄣˊ |
Lâi hō͘-siong tùi-thāi. | ㄌㄞˊ ㄏㆦ⊦ ㄒㄧㆲ ㄉㄨㄧᒻ ㄊㄞ⊦。 |
Han̂g-hái-ka 1 hō Bân-lâm-gí a̋i-sat-chuh
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Bân-lâm-gí gí-im lāi-iông tùi-chiàu | Hong-im hû-hō |
Thài-khong pêng-iú, lín hó! | ㄊㄞᒻ ㄎㆲ ㄅㄧㄥˊ ㄧㄨˋ,ㄌㄧㄣˋ ㄏㄜˋ! |
Lín chia̍h-pá bē? | ㄌㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄚㆷ̇ ㄅㄚˋ ㆠㆤ⊦? |
Ū-êng, tō lâi gún chia chē oh. | ㄨ⊦ ㄧㄥˊ,ㄉㄜ⊦ ㄌㄞˊ ㆣㄨㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄗㆤ⊦ ㄛㆷ。 |
Chù-kái
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]- ↑ Mā ū lan̂g jīn-ûi sī ū phīⁿ-im ê /b̃/。
- ↑ Pō͘-hūn ha̍k-chiá jīn-ûi liú-siaⁿ-bó hoat-im m̄-sī Khí-gûn pian kīn-im(/l/), khah óa cho̍k khí-gûn sat-im(/d/)he̍k-chiá khí-gûn siám-im(/ɾ/)。[1][9][10]
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "ㆡ" kah "ㆢ" tī Choân-chiu khioⁿ sī [d͡z] kah [d͡ʑ], tī Chiang-chiu khioⁿ sī[z] kah [ʑ]。
- ↑ 1998 Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ kong-pò͘ ê hong-im hû-hō khe̍h chit-jī chò hoān-lē, tān-sī chit-má ê Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ Sû-tián í-keng kái-chò loán (ㄌㄨㄢˋ).[11], m̄-koh chi̍t-kóa chá-kî ê sû-tián (chhiōⁿ 1913 nî chhut-pán ê Kam Jī-tián, iáu-sī pio joán (ㆡㄨㄢˋ), j (ㆡ / ㆢ) piàn-sêng l (ㄌ) sī tâi-gí lāi-té chiok chia̍p khòaⁿ ê hiān-siōng.
- ↑ Mā ū lan̂g jīn-ûi i sī phīⁿ-im hòa ê /g̃/。
- ↑ Pe̍h-ōe-jī tī "ㄨ" āu-piah chiap "ㄚ, ㆤ" ê sî, siá-chò oa, oe, chiōⁿ "ㄨㄞ" siá-chò oai. Kî-tha tio̍h iōng u.
- ↑ 1998 nî Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ kong-pò͘ ê hong-im hû-hō hoān-lē sī "籃", tān-sī bo̍k-chêng ê Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ Sû-tián í-keng kái-chò nâ[13], só͘-í ōaⁿ chi̍t jī.
- ↑ 1998 nî Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ kong-pò͘ ê hong-im hû-hō hoān-lē sī "午", tān-sī bo̍k-chêng ê Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ Sû-tián í-keng kái-chò ngóo[14], só͘-í ōaⁿ chi̍t jī.
- ↑ 1998 nî Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ kong-pò͘ ê hong-im hû-hō bûn-kiāⁿ lē-jī tio̍h sī iōng chit ê hán-tit thiaⁿ-tio̍h ê khioⁿ-kháu, bo̍k-chêng ê Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ Sû-tián bô chit im, tī Tâi-Ji̍t Tōa Sû-tián lāi-té ū.
- ↑ 1998 nî kàu-io̍k-pō͘ kong-pò͘ ê hong-im hû-hō bûn-kiāⁿ lē-jī sī "藕", tān-sī bo̍k-chêng ê kàu-io̍k-pō͘ jī-tián í-keng kái-siá chò ngāu[15], só͘-í tio̍h ōaⁿ-jī; Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ jī-tián kan-na "喓" ū auⁿ ê im.
- ↑ Goân-bûn: “The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking.” — Albert Einstein, Out of My Later Years (1950)
- ↑ ㄗㄨㄢ㇒ㄅㆦ˫ᐳ ㆤ㇒ ㄎㄜ⎾ㄏㄚ'ㄍᐳ ㄌㆲ㇔ ㄐㄧ㇔ㄅㄨ ㄉㄍㄜ˪ ㄒㄧ˫ ㄍㄚ˫ ㄅㄧㄥ㇒ㄒㄧㆲ㇒ㄒㄧ㇒ᐳ ㄙㆦ㇔ㄙㄨ⎾ㄎㄜ㇔∷ ㆤ㇒ ㄍㄜ ㄏㄗㄞ˪ ㄊㆤ㇒ㄌㄧㄢ˫ᐳ 。(以空白分詞,並顯示陰平調符)
Chham-khó Chu-liāu
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 吳守禮. "華、台語注音符號溯源" (PDF). 台語天地. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 2022-03-17 hőng khó͘-pih.
- ↑ 台灣方音符號序 http://olddoc.tmu.edu.tw/chiaushin/chu-1.htm Archived 2017-05-03 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "百年來的閩南系臺灣話研究回顧". goân-loē-iông tī 2009-06-25 hőng khó͘-pih.
- ↑ 台(87)語字第八七〇〇〇五七七號公告,《方音符號系統 Archived 2018-07-22 at the Wayback Machine.》,中華民國教育部,1998年1月12日
- ↑ 台語字第0950151609號公告,《臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案 Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine.》,中華民國教育部,2006年10月14日
- ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2013-06-21. 2024-07-29 khòaⁿ--ê.
- ↑ 洪惟仁. "閩南語書寫法的發展" (PDF). 第七屆臺灣語言及其教學國際學術研討會. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 2012-09-16 hőng khó͘-pih. 2020-04-20 khòaⁿ--ê.
- ↑ "台語齒佈(Chuehfu Tech) App",Google Play, retrieved on 28 June, 2021.
- ↑ 董同龢,記台灣的一種閩南語,中研院史語所,1967.06
- ↑ 鄭良偉,台語語音規律大綱及語例,1996
- ↑ "教育部閩南語常用辭典-軟". goân-loē-iông tī 2019-11-30 hőng khó͘-pih. 2016-03-13 khòaⁿ--ê.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "教育部閩南語常用辭典-音檔說明". goân-loē-iông tī 2019-11-29 hőng khó͘-pih. 2016-03-13 khòaⁿ--ê.
- ↑ "教育部閩南語常用辭典-籃". goân-loē-iông tī 2019-11-29 hőng khó͘-pih. 2016-03-13 khòaⁿ--ê.
- ↑ "教育部閩南語常用辭典-午". goân-loē-iông tī 2020-08-13 hőng khó͘-pih. 2016-03-13 khòaⁿ--ê.
- ↑ "教育部閩南語常用辭典-藕". goân-loē-iông tī 2019-11-29 hőng khó͘-pih. 2016-03-13 khòaⁿ--ê.
Koh khòaⁿ
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]- 教育部方音符號公告與資料下載Archived 2018-07-22 at the Wayback Machine.
- 方音符號系統資料下載Archived 2017-01-07 at the Wayback Machine.
- 台語天地 吳守禮教授網站Archived 2021-04-21 at the Wayback Machine.
- 台、華注音符號發音總表(吳守禮教授)Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine.
- 華、台語注音符號溯源Archived 2019-07-13 at the Wayback Machine.
- 吳昭新 (2013). 新編台灣閩南語用字彙編. 台北市. ISBN 978-9574308002. goân-loē-iông tī 2017-04-30 hőng khó͘-pih. 2016-08-04 khòaⁿ--ê.